جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Dental » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 One of the key indicators of the effectiveness of a country's healthcare system is the delivery of accessible and impactful health services, particularly in the field of oral and dental healthcare. Among the barriers to the utilization of oral and dental healthcare services within healthcare systems, the most prominent obstacles are a lack of awareness and insufficient financial resources. The objective of this research is to investigate the factors that influence the extent to which individuals in Iran make use of dental insurance services.

 The research employed a linear probability model to evaluate how eight independent variables influence the utilization of dental insurance services. These variables included possession of supplementary dental insurance, age, parenthood, marital status, gender, level of education, DMFT index, and accessibility. The study encompassed data from 384 policyholders who participated across 20 dental clinics located in Tehran. Sampling was conducted using a stratified random sampling method, covering individuals with dental insurance from mid-2022 to mid-2023. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test ensured data normality. One-sample examined hypotheses, while Pearson's Chi-Square tested relationships. The Gamma coefficient assessed relationship strength, and the Friedman test ranked factors influencing dental service utilization.

 Possessing supplementary dental insurance with an average rank of 5.2 is the most influential factor in the extent of utilization of dental services. The DMFT index, ranking on average at 2.5, is identified as the third factor (following accessibility to dental services as the second factor) in the utilization of dental services.

 Possessing insurance emerges as a crucial factor compared to the DMFT index when it comes to dental visits. In other words, Iranians with a DMFT index but lacking insurance coverage show a lower likelihood of seeking dental treatment. This observation holds true even in the more affluent northern areas of Tehran, contrasting with regions spanning from center to lower Tehran.

Fixed orthodontic retainers are pivotal in determining the success of treatment outcomes. However, the bonding materials utilized in their construction are not completely inert. These materials may release bisphenol A (BPA), a compound associated with various health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of potential bonding agents used in fixed orthodontic retainers.

In this experimental study, human gingival fibroblasts were cultured and subjected to various dental materials. These materials included acrylic resin (representing removable retainers), Transbond LR, and Enlight LV (which are common adhesives for fixed retainers), as well as Gradia Direct, Direct Flo, and Herculite XRV (commonly used in restorative composites). A control group was also exposed to normal saline. Discs measuring 0.5×1×1 mm were prepared from these materials. The viability of the fibroblasts was assessed using the MTT assay, and a statistical analysis (one-way analysis of variance) was conducted to compare the groups at a significance level of 0.05.

The results of statistical analysis indicated no significant difference between the groups in terms of cytotoxicity for human gingival fibroblasts (p= 0.71).

 None of the tested materials negatively impacted the viability of human gingival fibroblasts. These results provide valuable clinical insights, reassuring orthodontic practitioners about the safety profile of these commonly used materials in the context of fixed orthodontic retention and restorative procedures.

Positive attitude of dentists towards the professional ethical principles can improve the quality of provided services and minimize occupational stress. This study aimed to assess the attitude and professionalism in education of dental residents at the School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University, Tehran.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all dental residents attending the School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University in Tehran in 2022. Data were collected using the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) professionalism questionnaire, which was translated to Persian by Aramesh, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. This questionnaire includes two parts of (I) demographic information, and (II) questions regarding the perception of professionalism at work (totally 17 questions) in four main domains of excellence, honor/integrity, altruism/respect, and empathy. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and regression test. 

Of 57 dental residents, 26.3% were males and 73.7% were females. The mean total score of professionalism was found to be 114.96±23.45 out of 153, and the overall percentage of professionalism was calculated to be 75.13%±15.33% out of 100%. The percentage of professionalism score in the third-year and higher residents was 8% higher than that in second-year residents (P=0.052). The mean percentage of professionalism score was not significantly correlated with the field of specialty, gender, age, participation in related courses, or grade point average (GPA) (P>0.05).

It appears that attitude and professionalism of dental residents of School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University of Tehran in 2022 were optimal. The honor/integrity domain acquired the highest, and the altruism/respect domain gained the lowest score.

In dental education, understanding optimal assessment methods and factors like stress and confidence is essential. This research assessed second-year dental students' performance in fixed prosthodontics using multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and pre-clinical practical exams, examining impacts of gender, stress, and confidence.

Using a quasi-experimental design, 495 students from a single faculty underwent assessment. Selected via convenience sampling, they were exposed to MCQs and practical exams in fixed prosthodontics. An expert-reviewed questionnaire gauged their stress and confidence. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and Pearson's correlation. Additionally, a balanced sub-set of 176 students (88 males and 88 females) was chosen for gender-based analysis.

Findings indicate statistical parity between MCQ and practical exam performances (p>0.001). Females slightly outperformed in MCQs, while males excelled in practicals, without reaching statistical significance (p>0.05). Stress correlated with practical exam outcomes (r=0.34, p=0.001), and confidence with MCQ scores (r=0.41, p<0.0001).

The research underscores near-equivalence of MCQs and practical exams for student assessments in fixed prosthodontics. Recognizing the roles of stress and confidence in assessments offers insights for balanced evaluations. Dental faculties should integrate these findings, and future work should pivot towards tool validations for enriched learning.

Porcelain laminate veneers (PLV) offer a conservative aesthetic solution for interdental space closure. However, space is typically not distributed symmetrically, and the mesiodistal width of the restored teeth may increase unless multiple teeth are prepared for conventional PLV to maintain appropriate individual tooth proportion. Ceramic fragments can be suggested to close the space without modifying tooth size and dental proportion. This article presents two cases where interdental gaps were closed using lingually placed porcelain laminate (LPPL). All stages of the restorative procedures, including treatment planning, temporization, tooth preparation, and cementation of these delicate restorations, are detailed. Based on the results of these clinical reports, we regard the use of LPPL as a successful treatment option in selected cases, as evidenced by 2- and 6-year follow-ups. The Modified United State Public Health Criteria is reported.

Porcelain chipping and delamination are among the shortcomings of all-ceramic restorations. This study aimed to assess the effect of laser irradiation and sandblasting on shear bond strength (SBS) of zirconia to veneering porcelain.

In this in vitro, experimental study, 60 zirconia blocks were randomly divided into three groups (n=20) for surface treatment with Er:YAG laser, sandblasting, and no surface treatment (control). Each group was randomly divided into two subgroups (n=10) for porcelain application by the layering or the pressing technique. The surface roughness, SBS, and failure mode were determined and analyzed using two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD test, Chi-square test, and Pearson’s correlation test (alpha=0.05).

The mean SBS was 8.16±3.66 MPa, 9.32±2.7 MPa, and 11.85±3.06 MPa in the control, laser, and sandblasting groups, respectively. The SBS was significantly different among the three groups (P=0.002). The failure mode of the three groups was not significantly different (P>0.05). The sandblasted group showed significantly higher surface roughness than the control and laser groups (P<0.001).

Sandblasting yielded higher SBS particularly when the porcelain was applied by the layering technique. Although laser irradiation increased the SBS, the difference with the control group was not statistically significant.

Proper planning of orthodontic services at a communal level requires a clear understanding of the correct approach to providing orthodontic treatments to different population groups. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the level of awareness of orthodontic treatments among general dentists and dental students in their last two years of study in Isfahan city.

In this analytical descriptive and study, 75 dental students in their last two years of  study at faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan Azad University ,and 75 general dentists in Isfahan City were randomly selected. Participants were given a questionnaire consisting of two parts: the first part was related to background information, and the second part contained 25 questions aimed at determining the level of awareness. Data was analyzed using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman correlation tests (α= 0.05). 

The results showed no significant difference in the mean scores between dental students, and general dentists (P=0.301). However, women demonstrated a significantly higher level of awareness compared to men (P=0.002).The level of awareness did not differ significantly with age (P=0.124) or work experience of dentists (P=0.848).  Furthermore, here was no significant difference in the mean scores of 6ths and 5th year students. (P=0.91).

The level of awareness of general dentists and dental students in their last two years of study was medium with women demonstrating a higher level of awareness. The level of awareness was not influenced by age, work experience, and year of entering the university.

The use of traditional camphorquinone (CQ) photo-initiators in dental composites may cause undesirable yellow discoloration. An alternative photo-initiator called lucirin trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (TPO) was recently introduced which exhibits minimal color change (ΔE). This study evaluated the color change of TPO-containing composites cured by different types of light-curing units, after accelerated artificial aging (AAA).  

In this in vitro experimental study, specimens were fabricated from Tetric N-Ceram and Vit-l-escence TPO-containing composites with 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness (n=10) and light-cured by Bluephase G2 polywave and Bluephase C5 monowave curing units. The samples were polished with Sof-Lex discs and underwent initial colorimetry by a spectrophotometer after 24 hours. Aging was performed for 384 hours in a weathering chamber and final colorimetry was then performed. The results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA.

The interaction effect of light curing unit and composite type on ΔE was not significant (P=0.53). The mean ΔE of Vit-l-escence and Tetric N-Ceram cured with Bluephase G2 and Bluephase C5 light-curing units was 1.67±0.48 and 1.62±0.45, and 2.59±0.29 and 2.69±0.26, respectively. Tetric N-Ceram demonstrated significantly greater ΔE than Vit-l-escence (P=0.001). Light curing units had no significant difference in ΔE (P=0.80).

The ΔE of TPO-containing composites does not depend on the type of light curing unit but depends on the type of composite. Aging caused discoloration of the composites but this discoloration was clinically acceptable (ΔE<3. 3).

Oroantral Fistula (OAF) is a pathologic and epithelialized path between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus. Various reasons can lead to its development, the most common of which is the extracion of upper molar teeth. Any condition that leads to traumatized tooth extraction or conditions that make tooth extraction more difficult, such as: improper use of an dental elevator, teeth with long roots near the sinus, dental infections, etc., increase the probability of this problem.The most common age of occurrence of OAF is between 30 & 60 years old.most studies suggest that smaller fistulas have a chance of healing spontaneously, but larger types and those that persist for a longer period of time usually do not heal without intervention. It can lead to uncomfortable side effects such as pain, sinusitis, air escaping from the mouth to the nose, and even a change in the person's voice and overall discomfort in the patient. Various surgical and non-surgical treatments have been proposed for the management of OAF. Non- surgical treatments include blocking the area by placing different materials inside defect, and surgical treatments include closing the area with local and regional flaps or in combination with Autografts and Allografts, etc. The purpose of this review article is to investigate the etiology factors of OAF, the prevalence rate and the ways of its management by various surgical and non- surgical treatments.

Dental surgeons are responsible for each and every step taken for dental treatment of patients. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, experience, and perception of dental students and practitioners regarding dento-legal aspects of dentistry.  

A total of 200 students and dental practitioners were selected from the Chennai colleges. A well-structured validated questionnaire comprising of 21 questions related to dento-legal aspects of dentistry was used for data collection to assess the knowledge, experience, and perception of participants regarding dento-legal aspects of dentistry, which included clinical scenario-based questions. The responses were tabulated and analyzed using OpenEpi software. All variables were analyzed descriptively.

Out of 200 participants surveyed, 53.6% were dental practitioners and 46.4% were dental students. Of all, 75% of dental practitioners and students were well aware of the dento-legal issues. Also, 50% of undergraduates and 65% of postgraduates were aware of their rights to protect themselves in legal cases. More than 50% of dental practitioners and students were aware of how to manage mishaps in a dental clinic. Out of 200 participants, 70% of dental practitioners and students were aware of the rules and regulations, and liabilities related to their practice.

Considering the present results, more emphasis should be placed on raising awareness among undergraduates regarding dento-legal aspects of dentistry and prevention of mishaps due to negligence during treatments.

Higher emotional intelligence can lead to higher moral sensitivity and ultimately improve the quality of students’ performance. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and moral skills of dental students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2020.

The present study is a cross-sectional study, descriptive and analytical, which was conducted in the academic year of 2019-2020 among the students of the third year and above of the dental field at the Faculty of Dentistry of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. To collect data, Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and Moral Skills Questionnaire were used. After coding, the data were analyzed by SPSS version 24 software. For this purpose, the obtained information was analyzed using linear and multiple regression models and Pearson’s correlation coefficient

In the present study, 30 people including 20(67%) women and 10(33%) men were studied. The results of the present study showed that there is no significant difference between the variables of emotional intelligence and moral skills. But there was a strong positive relationship between emotional intelligence and overall values of moral skills (P=0.000). Also, in moral skills, there was a significant positive  relationship between emotional intelligence and moral integrity (P=0.019) and moral courage (P=0.035).

The results of this study showed that students with higher emotional intelligence have higher level of moral skills. It is suggested to include workshops related to emotional intelligence in the educational courses of students, especially dental students, to increase this ability in students.

During the COVID-19 outbreak, dental professionals have demonstrated their importance in combatingmass casualty incidents. This study aimed to understand dental students’ perceptions of their potential roles in a bioter-rorism attack.

This cross-sectional study used a self-administered anonymous questionnaire, which was sentto all dental students and interns at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. Bivariate and multiple linear regressionanalyses were conducted to assess dental students’ willingness to provide care during a bioterrorism attack, knowledgeregarding bioterrorism and total number of roles a dentist should play during an attack.

This study included472 dental students and interns. The mean knowledge score regarding bioterrorism was 3.3 ± 1.9 out of 5. A large ma-jority of the respondents (83.8%) were willing to provide care during a bioterrorism attack. Students with a cumulativegrade point average (GPA) of 4.5–5 were more likely to indicate that a dental professional should take on more roles dur-ing a bioterrorism attack than those with a GPA of 2.5–2.99. Fourth- and fifth-year dental students had lower knowledgescores regarding bioterrorism than dental interns (B: -0.71; SE: 0.30; 95% CI: -1.3—0.1 and B: -0.68; SE: 0.30; 95% CI: -1.3–-0.1, respectively).

Despite the fact that dental curricula do not cover topics related to bioterrorism, moststudents would be willing to provide care under bioterrorism conditions. There is wide agreement among the studentsregarding the need to add bioterrorism-related educations to dental curricula.

Periodontal clinical parameters are highly sensitive for the assessment of bone resorption, while radiographic images are highly specific. Two-dimensional parallel periapical (PA) and bitewing (BW) intraoral radiographs are used as adjuvant methods to assess bone resorption in periodontal diseases. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of PA and BW radiographs in assessing marginal bone level.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 77 (52 females and 25 males) subjects with a mean age of 40.12±14.9 years with chronic periodontitis. Parallel PA and BW radiographs of patients, who required periodontal flap surgery or crown lengthening, were acquired, and evaluated. The distance between the alveolar bone crest (ABC) and the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) was determined during surgery using the Williams probe. The same distance was measured in proximal areas on intraoral radiographs using Romexis Version 11.4. To evaluate intra-observer agreement, three observers re-evaluated the radiographs after a minimum of 1 week. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was applied to evaluate the inter- and intra-observer agreement. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and paired t-test.

According to the results, the mean distance between the CEJ and ABC was 4.61±1.22 mm, and the mean distance on the PA and BW radiographs was 4.20±1.23 (P<0.001) and 4.02±1.06 mm (P<0.001), respectively. PA radiography was more accurate than BW radiography, although the difference was insignificant (P=0.182). The mean ICC value of the inter-observer agreement was 0.88 for BW and 0.87 for PA radiographs. The mean intra-observer agreement was 0.97 and 0.95 for BW and PA radiographs, respectively.

The accuracy of PA radiography was higher than BW radiography. However, there was no significant difference regarding the accuracy of these two techniques in determining the level of ABC in the posterior area of the jaws.

This study aimed to assess the faculty members' perspective on the use of logbook to improve the quality of dental students’ education.

This descriptive analytical study assessed the perspectives of all faculty members of Qazvin Dental School about using logbook in 2019. A questionnaire with four domains: 1) necessity of using a logbook (score range: 7-21), 2) format design and logbook implementation process (score range: 8-24), 3) logbook content quality (score range: 20-60), and 4) method of completion of logbook (score range: 2-10) was used to assess. The internal consistency of the items was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha method (alpha-Cronbach: 0.81). Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 (p<0.05).

Of the faculty members, 19.4% were males and 80.6% were females, with a mean work experience of 6.81±5.3 years. The acquired mean total score was 18.72±2.57 out of 21 for the necessity domain, 15.33±2.78 out of 24 for the format design domain, 46.66±7.77 out of 60 for the content domain, and 8.00±1.43 out of 10 for the completion domain. Gender had a significant correlation only with the necessity domain score (P<0.05). Work experience had a significant correlation only with the completion domain score (P<0.05).

Over two-thirds of the faculty members agreed with the necessity of using a logbook and believed that its completion is highly important.

The focused question of this systematic review was “does hyaluronic acid (HA) injection in areas of interdental papillary deficiency reduce black triangles?”

A systematic literature search was performed to find clinical studies on human patients with a minimum of 6-month follow-up, published in English from 2005 to May 2020. There were two outcome variables: black triangle area (BTA) change after treatment at different measurement time points compared with baseline, and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), when available.

Of eight eligible articles (2 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and 6 non-randomized, non-placebo controlled clinical studies), seven reported that HA injections had a positive impact on reduction of BTA and subsequent papillary augmentation. Six studies were included in meta-analysis and showed that the intervention led to a pooled reduction percentage of 57.7% in BTA after 6 months. Although there were clinical diversities between the studies, all the studies applied the same concentration of HA (approximately 2%), 2-3 mm apical to the papilla tip in several intervals. Some degrees of relapse were reported in some studies.

Within the limits of this study, this systematic review and meta-analysis showed that HA injection can serve as an efficient minimally-invasive treatment for small interdental papillary deficiencies. It is essential to conduct further randomized clinical studies with prolonged follow-ups in order to support this conclusion.

This study aimed to evaluate the pH changes and penetration of hydrogen peroxide into radicular dentin when different protective bases were used with and without a bonding agent.

In this in-vitro experimental study, 70 single-rooted bovine teeth were instrumented and obturated with gutta-percha. The gutta-percha was removed 3mm below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the teeth were divided into seven groups (n=10). In each group, 2mm base (1mm apical to the CEJ) was applied as follows:  TheraCal LC, TheraCal LC plus SE Bond, Lime-Lite, Lime-Lite plus SE Bond, Ionoseal, Ionoseal plus SE Bond, and resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI). The teeth were placed in vials containing distilled water, and pH values and molar concentration of the medium surrounding the teeth were recorded immediately after internal bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. The pH values were also recorded at 1, 7, and 14 days following renewal of the medium. Data were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test. 

After bleaching, the medium pH became acidic in all groups. There were no significant differences among groups in the mean pH of the medium after bleaching (P=0.189). Moreover, there were no significant differences among the study groups with respect to hydrogen peroxide concentration (P=0.895).

Intra-orifice barriers such as light-cure resin-modified calcium hydroxide, light-cure resin-reinforced glass ionomer, and light-cure calcium silicate can be as effective as RMGI in providing coronal seal during intracoronal bleaching.

Professionalism is essential to a strong trusted patient-doctor relationship, which is believed, could lead to more patient compliance and treatment outcomes. The purpose of our study was the development and psychometric analysis of an assessment tool for the professional behavior of dental students.

The study was done in the School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After providing a pool of various criteria to assess professionalism, an expert panel prepared the primary version of the tool. The tool was set in a questionnaire frame to explore the significance level and evaluation feasibility of each criterion. The questionnaire was completed by tutors of the “Medical Ethics” course (N=6). After necessary revisions, in order to evaluate face and content validity, the checklist was given to eight experienced dental educators to determine the relevance, clarity and simplicity of the questions. At the second stage, the final checklist with 37 items was given to dental educators to evaluate twenty students. To assess the reliability of this checklist, at least two professors evaluated each student and the weighted-  was calculated. Minor revisions were done according to feedbacks.

According to the obtained data, the total validity of the tool (S-CVI) was 100%. In all items, except just for one item, the weighted-  was greater than or equal to 0.5, showing sufficient reliability of these items.

The designed tool to evaluate the professionalism among dental students in different clinical departments seems to be both valid and reliable.