جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Entomology » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Insects as the largest category of arthropods include numerous groups and families that the most important of them belong to order Diptera, family Culicidae. Because of feeding on the human's blood, a number of species of this family have been known as responsible for the transmission of pathogens for many diseases such as malaria, filariasis, encephalitis, yellow fever and dengue fever in the world. Given that no research has been conducted to determine the fauna of existing mosquitoes in the city of Poldokhtar, Lorestan Province, the present study aimed to exactly determine the mosquitoe's fauna in this city to perform appropriate prevention measures.
In this faunistic and cross-sectional descriptive study, four urban areas and four rural areas in four geographic directions in the city of Poldokhtar were determined. In each urban area, two places and in each designated rural area, four places including two human places and two animal places were selected. From the early of April 2015 to the early of January 2016, larvae, pupae and adult mosquitoes of the Culicidae family were collected. Sampling methods for larvae, pupae and mature were ladling, night catch, total and hand catch with an aspirator. Characteristics including the name of the collector, date of collection, code related to habitat, habitat status (permanent or temporary), type of vegetation cover, type of substrate, and the situation of sunlight were recorded in the related form. The samples were identified by resources and valid identification keys. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 19.
Totally, 5392 mosquito adults of the Culicidae family including 1818 mosquito adults and 3574 larvae in designated areas in the city as well as four rural areas were collected. The three genera Anopheles (21.9%), Culex (64.6%), and Culiseta (13.5%) were diagnosed. Also, from three genera, 12 species were identified as follows: Culex theiler, Cx. mimeticus, Cx. perexiguus, Cx. hortensis, Cx. pipiens, Cx. sitiens, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Culiseta langiareolata, Anopheles superpictus An. stephensi, An. turkhudi and An. dthali.Culex pipiens (19.9.5%) and Culex theileri (19.5%) were the most abundant species, respectively.
The results of this study indicate the presence of various species of mosquitoes throughout the city of Poldokhtar. Also, the results can lay the groundwork for doing more comprehensive and special studies particularly regarding the possible role of different species of mosquitoes in human and animal health in the future.

RNA interference is a process, in which a molecule of double-stranded RNA prevents the expression of a particular gene and leads to its silencing. Application of this technology in the control of disease-carrying insects is rising in agriculture and medical sciences. Also, its application in control of insect-borne diseases could be considered as a new, important, and effective approach. In this article, it was attempted to study the mechanisms of RNA interference, routs of its delivery to insects, as well as its application in genetic control of disease vector insects.
In this study, 71 indexed articles in databases, such as Pubmed, SID, Scopus, Science direct, and Google scholar, were used.
dsRNA could be delivered to insect body through three routes of oral, injection, and Impregnation. The mechanism of dsRNA entrance into the cells has considerable effect on the success and applicability of this technique. Identification of host-parasite relationship in the insect body is one of the important applications of RNAi in medical entomology.
Although, there is a considerable number of researches on RNAi in the agricultural pests field, studies on insect vectors of human diseases have been mostly in-vivo. However, application of RNAi is suggested as a new, safe and applicable approach, alone or along with other methods. Certainly, further researches in this field can pave the way for enforcement measures in the control of disease vectors, especially Zika, dengue fever, and malaria in the not so distant future.

Malaria is considered to be a major health problem in many countries. The aim of this study was to identify new species of Culicidae larval habitat of Anopheles and to determine their distribution in the Kohgiloye and Boyer province, Iran. In the present cross-sectional study, the larval habitats of three cities (including Yasuj, Dehdasht and Gachsaran) of Kohgiloye and Boyer Ahmad province was conducted during 2012. Samples were collected with a scoop by ladle handling for Entomology. The collected Larvae were canned in Lactophenol solution with features and code related transferred to entomology laboratory of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The microscopic slides were prepared using a Lekidofore solution and were identified with key valid diagnosis. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 11.5. A total of 1043 samples of mosquito larvae were identified in different parts of Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad in 2 genera and 12 species. These identified species were: Anopheles (Cellia)superpictus Grassi, An.(Cel.)fluviatilis James, An.(Cel.)dthali Patton, An.(Cel.)turkhudi Liston, An.(Cel.)stephensi Liston, An.(Cel.) subpictus Grassi, An.(Anopheles)sacharovi Favre, Cx.(Cux.)theileri Theobad, Cx.(Cux.)sitiens Wiedemann, Cx.(Cux.)pipens Linnaeus, Cx.(Cux.)pusillus Macquart, Cx.(Cux.)perxiguus Theobald. Culex pipens larvae was predominant and Cx.(Cux.)sitiens, Cx.(Cux.)perxiguus, An.sacharovi were found as the lowest larvae. Culicidae Culex mosquito larvae was the highest and the lowest species were Cx.(Cux.)sitiens, Cx.(Cux.)perxiguus, An.sacharovi. Culex pipens was the dominant species. Exclusive molecular and morphological studies will be essential to identify the malaria vectors, An.stephensi complex and An.superpictus complex in this area.