جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "Lipids" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Background
Alprazolam, a commonly prescribed benzodiazepine, poses risks of toxicity and severe withdrawal symptoms. There is an urgent need for a rapid and sensitive diagnostic method for detecting alprazolam poisoning.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to detect alprazolam poisoning through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of saliva, addressing the need for a quick, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic method for poison control and differential diagnosis.
MethodsSaliva samples were collected from 45 individuals with benzodiazepine toxicity, therapeutic consumption, and normal health status, as well as from a control group. The samples were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. The resulting spectra were processed with OriginPro software, and statistical analyses were performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and analysis of variance (ANOVA).
ResultsThe average age of the studied population was approximately 45 years, with women being the most affected by poisoning. Fourier-transform infrared analysis revealed significant differences in the structure of lipids between poisoned individuals, therapeutic receivers, and healthy individuals (P < 0.0001).
ConclusionsFourier-transform infrared analysis of saliva is a fast and accurate method for diagnosing alprazolam poisoning within minutes, enabling prompt and appropriate treatment during critical life-threatening situations. This non-invasive technique has the potential to guide treatment staff toward effective treatment options.
Keywords: Alprazolam, Toxicity, FTIR, Saliva, Lipids, Poison Control, Diagnostic Method -
BACKGROUNDPolypill or fixed-dose combination has been recognized as an effective secondary prevention strategy for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the polypill on one-year medication adherence, patient satisfaction, and lipid profile control in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).METHODSThis was an open-label, multicentric, randomized clinical trial study of STEMI patients who were prescribed a polypill (Aspirin 81 mg, Atorvastatin 40 mg, Metoprolol Succinate 47.5 mg, and Valsartan 40 mg) versus usual care (continued with separate medications) for secondary prevention. The primary outcome was to compare one-year medication adherence between groups. Other outcomes included comparing patient satisfaction and lipid profile after 12 months of follow-up, as well as identifying predictor factors of medication adherence.RESULTSOf 624 STEMI participants, 289 patients were treated with the polypill (79.2% male; mean age 61.67 ± 8.54 years), and 335 patients received usual care (82.7% male; mean age 62.10 ± 9.63 years). After one-year follow-up, no significant differences were detected between groups regarding medication adherence (p-value = 0.351) and cholesterol levels (p-value = 0.808). The polypill strategy was associated with increased patient satisfaction and better control of LDL-C (p-value = 0.043) and HDL-C (p-value < 0.001). Patients with a history of chronic kidney disease (OR: 13.392; p-value = 0.001), cerebrovascular disease (OR: 4.577; p-value = 0.011), and higher waist circumference (OR: 1.01; p-value = 0.002) demonstrated a lower probability of medication adherence. In contrast, in-hospital complications such as arrhythmia (OR: 0.039; p-value = 0.010), bleeding (OR: 0.034; p-value = 0.007), and higher ejection fraction (OR: 0.965; p-value = 0.002) were associated with a higher probability of medication adherence.CONCLUSIONIn STEMI patients, participants treated with polypills were more satisfied and showed better lipid profile control. However, a longer follow-up duration is needed to examine the effectiveness of the polypill on medication adherence in this subgroup.Keywords: Polypill, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Medication Adherence, Patient Satisfaction, Lipids
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مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، سال هشتاد و دوم شماره 5 (پیاپی 280، امرداد 1403)، صص 365 -375زمینه و هدف
بیماری های قلبی و عروقی اولین علت مرگ و میر در جهان می باشد. نقش لیپیدهای چربی به عنوان یک عامل خطرزا در بیماری های قلبی و عروقی غیر قابل انکار است. استاتین ها مهمترین داروها در جهت کاهش لیپیدهای چربی می باشند. هدف از این تحقیق مقایسه اثربخشی سه داروی رزوستاتین، آتورواستاتین و سیموستاتین بر روی لیپیدهای چربی با استفاده از متاآنالیز شبکه ای می باشد.
روش بررسینوع مطالعه این تحقیق مروری منظم و متاآنالیزشبکه ای بود. جستجو از بین پایگاه های اطلاعاتی Science Direct، PubMed، Scopus، Cochrane library، web of science، Magiran، SID و Google Scholar انجام شد. بازه زمانی جستجوی مقالات از سال 1380 تا خرداد 1403 بود. تمام مقالات مرتبط که به زبان انگلیسی یا فارسی چاپ شده بودند موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. مطالعات با روش متاآنالیز کلاسیک و شبکه ای آنالیز شدند.
یافته هااز 61 مقاله ای که وارد متاآنالیز شبکه ای شدند، نتایج نشان داد، اثر داروهای آتروستاتین، رزوستاتین و سیموستاتین با دارونما بر لپیدهای چربی معنادار بود (001/0P<) ولی تفاوت معناداری بین سه داروی آتروستاتین، رزوستاتین و سیموستاتین بر کاهش (low-density lipoprotein, LDL) وجود نداشت. رتبه تجمعی سطح زیر منحنی نشان داد احتمال اینکه رزوستاتین بهترین دارو جهت کاهش تری گلیسرید باشد 4/82% و احتمال اینکه آتروستاتین بهترین دارو جهت کاهش کلسترول باشد 3/80% است.
نتیجه گیریاستاتین ها اثربخشی بهتری نسبت به پلاسبو در کاهش لیپیدهای چربی دارند. رزوستاتین بهترین دارو در جهت کاهش (Triglyceride, TG) و آتروستاتین بهترین دارو جهت کاهش LDL، TC و افزایش (high-density lipoprotein, HDL) است.
کلید واژگان: آتورواستاتین, لیپیدهای چربی, متاآنالیز شبکه ای, پلاسبو, رزوستاتین, سیموستاتینBackgroundOne of the main causes of death in the world is cardiovascular disease. While there is no denying that lipids play a risk factor in cardiovascular disease, statins are effective medications for treating this condition. We used network meta-analysis to compare the impact of three drugs atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin on lipids.
MethodsType of study of this research was a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, ISI, Science Direct, Google Scholar, SID, MagIran, web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched. Keywords atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin were used in the search strategy. We did both standard meta-analyses and network meta-analyses. Consistency was checked by comparing direct and indirect effect sizes. The time period for searching articles was from 2000 to June 2024. All relevant articles published in English or Persian were reviewed. Paired wised comparisons were made using the intervalplot command in STATA. The surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) was used to rank the efficacy of treatments. The Q test and I2 index were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. Data were analyzed using STATA Ver. 17.
ResultsFrom the 61 articles that were included in the network meta-analysis (atorvastatin 43 studies, rosuvastatin 22 studies, simvastatin 21 studies, and placebo 15 studies). The total sample size was 62178 patients. The results showed that the effect of, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin with placebo on fat lipids was significant (P<0.001). Still, there was not a substantial difference between the effects of the three drugs. The best treatment for reducing LDL was atorvastatin (standard mean difference (SMD) =-5.18, 95% confidence interval (CI);-7.42,-2.95, P<.001). SMD LDL for rosuvastatin and simvastatin were -4.35(95% CI; -6.81,-1.89), and -3.44(95% CI;-5.89,-.98) respectively. The surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) showed that the probability that Rosuvastatin was the best drug for reducing triglycerides was 82.4% and the likelihood that atorvastatin was the best drug for reducing cholesterol was 80.3%.
ConclusionAtorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin have a better effectiveness than placebo in reducing fat lipids. Atorvastatin was the best treatment to reduce LDL, and TC and increase HDL. Rosuvastatin was the best drug to reduce TG. Atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin were the effective treatments to reduce fat lipids respectively.
Keywords: Atorvastatin, Lipids, Network Meta-Analysis, Placebo, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin -
زمینه و هدف
چاقی یک مشکل مهم بهداشتی قرن بیست و یکم است که کشورهای در حال توسعه و توسعه یافته با آن روبرو هستند که منجر به ایجاد بیماری های مختلف می شود. به نظر می رسد از جمله عوامل اصلی در ایجاد چاقی را می توان در کم تحرکی و هم چنین رژیم غذایی نامناسب دانست.
روش شناسی: جامعه آماری تحقیق را افراد مراجعه کننده به کلینیک چاقی حضرت رسول اکرم (ص) واقع در شهر تهران تشکیل دادند؛ معیار ورود به مطالعه، زنان با شاخص توده بدنی بالای 35 و سن 35 تا 45 سال بودند که 32 نفر آن ها به روش سرشماری پس از کسب رضایت آگاهانه وارد مطالعه شدند. در این تحقیق، افراد پس از اندازه گیری شاخص های فیزیولوژیک از جمله قد، وزن، ضربان قلب و فشار خون و اخذ رضایت نامه شرکت در پژوهش انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در 4 گروه تمرین پیلاتس همراه با مصرف مکمل پروبیوتیک (8 نفر)، مکمل (8 نفر) و تمرین پیلاتس (8 نفر) و کنترل (8 نفر) تقسیم شدند. در این مطالعه اثر اجرای تمرینات پیلاتس و نیز مصرف مکمل پروبیوتیک بر نیمرخ لیپیدی زنان چاق بزرگسال تحت ارزیابی قرارگرفت. لذا با داشتن چهار گروه تجربی (1. تمرین پیلاتس همراه با مکمل پروبیوتیک، 2. تمرین پیلاتس، 3. مکمل، 4. کنترل)، این تحقیق در گروه تحقیقات نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش آزمون و پس آزمون قرار دارد.یافته هانتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد، که تمرین پیلاتس منجر به افزایش معنا دار در سطوح لیپوپروتئین پرچگال، و کاهش معنا دار سطوح کلسترول، تری گلیسرید و سطوح لیپوپروتئین کم چگال گردید. هم چنین نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که اگرچه تجویز پروبیوتیک تاثیر معناداری بر غلظت لیپیدهای خون نداشت ولی منجر به کاهش سطوح کلسترول، کاهش سطوح لیپوپروتئین کم چگال گردید.
نتیجه گیریدر مجموع می توان اظهار نمود که تمرین پیلاتس می تواند به عنوان یک راه کار برای افراد چاق و کنترل مثبت سطح لیپوپروتئین باشد. از آن جایی که مکانیسم عملکرد مکمل های پروبیوتیک بر متابولیسم چربی خون دقیقا مشخص نمی باشد، از این رو، جهت روشن شدن مکانیسم عملکرد مکمل های پروبیوتیک و ارتباط آن با سطوح نیم رخ لیپیدی در افراد چاق انجام تحقیقات بیش تر ضرورت دارد.
کلید واژگان: ایروبیک, ورزش, پروبیوتیک, تمرین هوازی, چربی ها, چاقی, زنان, ترکیب بدنیBackground &
ObjectivesObesity remains a significant health challenge in both developing and developed nations of the 21st century; predisposing individuals to various diseases. Inactivity and poor dietary habits are considered primary contributors to obesity.
Materials &MethodsThe study population included individuals who referred to the obesity clinic of Hazrat Rasool Akram located in Tehran; The inclusion criteria were women with body mass index above 35 and age 35 to 45 years, 32 of whom were included in the study by census method after obtaining informed consent. After measuring the physiological indicators such as height, weight, heart rate and blood pressure and obtaining consent to participate in the research, the subjects were randomly selected and assigned to four groups: Pilates exercise with probiotic supplement (8 participants), Pilates exercise alone (8 participants), supplement alone (8 participants), and a control group (8 participants). In this study, the effect of Pilates exercises and probiotic supplementation on the lipid profile of obese adult women was evaluated, therefore, because of having four experimental groups (1. Pilates exercise with probiotic supplement, 2. Pilates exercise, 3. Supplement, 4. Control), this research is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design.
ResultsPilates exercise was found to significantly increase high-density lipoprotein levels and decrease cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels among participants. However, while probiotic supplementation did not significantly affect blood lipid concentrations, it did lead to reductions in cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels.
ConclusionOverall, it can be stated that Pilates exercises can serve as a solution for obese individuals and for positive controlling of lipoprotein levels. As the exact mechanism of action of probiotic supplements on blood lipid metabolism is not clear, further research is needed to elucidate the action mechanism of probiotic supplements and their relationship with lipid profile levels in obese individuals.
Keywords: Exercise, Aerobic Exercise, Probiotics, Lipids, Obesity, Women, Body Composition -
Background
Acne vulgaris is a chronic, inflammatory disease and one of the most common skin diseases. Isotretinoin is the best treatment for severe nodulocystic acne compared to other systemic medicine. Although serum lipids elevation is one of the side effects of this medicine; recent studies have shown controversial results. This study aimed to assess the serum lipid profile in adolescents and adults with acne vulgaris receiving isotretinoin.
MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study on 65 adolescents and adults older than 16 years old (55 females and 10 males) with moderate to severe degrees of acne vulgaris under a fixed low dose of 20 mg/day Isotretinoin treatment for 120 days. We analyzed the data using the SPSS software Version 16 using paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon, and ANCOVA test.
ResultsIn this study, 65 records of patients with a mean age of 22.21±6.25 years were assessed. There was a significant elevation in Cholesterol and LDL levels, but in HDL and triglyceride levels no significant change occurred. A significant change in cholesterol levels was noticed in the adolescent age group, the female sex, and the normal weight group. Triglyceride had a significant change in the female sex and normal weight group and HDL significantly increased in male patients.
ConclusionAlthough a low dose of isotretinoin can be used with minimal concern for changes in lipid profile in acne vulgaris patients, in the long-term follow-up and treatment, it seems that we have to administer it cautiously.
Keywords: Acne Vulgaris, Body Mass Index, Isotretinoin, Lipids -
Objective
This study assessed the effects of Aloe verasupplementation on serum inflammatory factors, blood sugar andlipid profiles in hemodialysis patients.
Materials and MethodsTotally, 50 hemodialysis patients wereallocated randomly to either Aloe vera or placebo groups. TheAloe vera group received 2 Aloe vera capsules daily for 8 weeks(500 mg/day). Serum C-reactive protein (hs- CRP), Fasting bloodglucose (FBS), and lipid profiles levels were evaluated at thebaseline and the end of the eighth week.
ResultsAloe vera supplementation for 8 weeks was associatedwith a significant reduction of serum hs- CRP (p=0.004), totalcholesterol (p=0.01), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (p=0.02) levesand increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) (p=0.002)concentration in the hemodialysis patients.
ConclusionAloe vera supplementation is beneficial inimprovement of cardiovascular risk factors in hemodialysispatients
Keywords: Aloe Vera, C-Reactive Protein, Inflammation, Lipids, Hemodialysis -
International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, Volume:12 Issue: 2, Apr 2024, PP 77 -82Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Vitex agnus-castus (VAC), and Salvia officinalis extracts on serum lipids in postmenopausal women referred to the Bone Densitometry Center, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
Materials and MethodsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted on 89 postmenopausal women in 2016 using random permuted blocks with a block size of 3 in the three groups, including the VAC group (3.2-4.8 mg/q8h), S. officinalis group (100 mg/q8h), and placebo group for three months. Women were finally compared in terms of low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides (TG), and highdensity lipoprotein before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software. Descriptive statistical tests and paired t test were used to compare the groups.
ResultsA significant decrease in serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides levels and also increase in mean serum high-density lipoprotein levels were observed in VAC and S. officinalis groups before and after the intervention (P = 0.0001). In comparison, no significant change was observed in serum level of any lipoproteins in the placebo group.
ConclusionsConsidering the decrease in the level of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and increased highdensity lipoprotein after using VAC and S. officinalis in this study, these herbs can be proposed as blood lipid-lowering agents in postmenopausal women.
Keywords: : Vitex agnus-castus, Salvia officinalis, Lipoproteins, LDL, HDL, Triglycerides, Lipids, Postmenopausal, Women -
زمینه و هدف
امروزه چاقی از نگرانی های اصلی سلامت در سراسر جهان محسوب می شود. از این رو، مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین تاثیر تمرینات پایه ژیمناستیک همراه با مصرف مکمل ال کارنیتین بر عوامل جسمانی مرتبط با سلامتی و نیم رخ لیپیدی در کودکان دختر چاق انجام شد.
روش کاردر این مطالعه نیمه تجربی، با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون و گروه دارونما، از بین دانش آموزان دختر چاق شهر اصفهان، 60 نفر با BMI برابر 30.28 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع، به شیوه هدفمند انتخاب و به 4 گروه (تمرینات پایه ژیمناستیک، مصرف ال کانیتین، ترکیبی و دارونما) تقسیم شدند. پروتکل تمرینی به مدت 12 هفته و سه جلسه در هفته، هر جلسه 45 دقیقه اجرا شد. هم چنین آزمودنی های گروه های مکمل و ترکیبی، قرص ال کارنیتین با دوز 2 گرم در روز به مدت 12 هفته استفاده کردند. به منظور تحلیل داده ها از روش آماری تحلیل کواریانس چند متغیری و آزمون تعقیبی توکی استفاده شد.
یافته هاافزایش معناداری در استقامت قلبی-تنفسی، استقامت عضلانی، قدرت عضلانی و انعطاف پذیری در هر دو گروه تمرین پایه ژیمناستیک و ترکیبی مشاهده شد (0.001= p). هم چنین کاهش معنادار کلسترول تام، تری گلیسرید، و LDL و افزایش معنادارHDL در گروه های تمرینات پایه ژیمناستیک و تمرین+مکمل مشاهده شد (0.002 ≥ p). ضمن این که، تغییرات ایجاد شده ناشی از گروه ترکیبی بر تمام متغیرها به طور معناداری بیشتر از سایر گروه ها بود.
نتیجه گیریاین یافته ها بیانگر، آثار سودمند تمرینات پایه ژیمناستیک همراه با مصرف مکمل ال کارنتین بر عوامل جسمانی مرتبط با سلامتی و نیم رخ لیپیدی در کودکان چاق است. از این رو، استفاده ترکیبی از تمرینات پایه ژیمناستیک و مکمل ال کارنتین برای بهبود این متغیرها می تواند مفید باشد.
کلید واژگان: ژیمناستیک, ال کارنیتین, لیپیدها, چاقی, کودکانBackgroundObesity is a major health problem worldwide. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of l-carnitine supplementation on physical factors related to health and lipid profiles in obese female children with basic gymnastics exercises.
MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, with a pre-test-post-test design and a placebo group, 60 obese children among the girl students of Isfahan with BMI=30.28 kg/m2 were selected purposefully and were divided into 4 groups (Basic gymnastics training, L-carnitine consumption, Combined, and Placebo). The training protocol was implemented for 12 weeks, three times a week, and 45 minutes for each session. Furthermore, the groups of L-carnitine consumption and combined used L-carnitine tablets with a dose of 2 g per day for 12 weeks. To analyze the data, multivariate covariance, and post hoc Tukey tests were used.
ResultsA significant increase in Cardio-respiratory endurance, muscular endurance, muscular strength and flexibility was observed in both basic gymnastics training and combined groups (p≤0.001). In addition, a significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL and a significant increase in HDL were observed in the basic gymnastics training, and combined groups (p≤0.002). Also, the changes caused by the combined group on all variables were significantly better than other groups.
ConclusionsThese findings indicate the beneficial effects of basic gymnastics training along with L-carnitine supplementation on physical factors related to health and lipid profile in obese children. Therefore, the combined use of basic gymnastic exercises and L-carnitine supplementation can be useful to improve these variables.
Keywords: Gymnastics, L-Carnitine, Lipids, Obesity, Children -
Introduction
The combined use of methadone and exercise training holds promise for promoting health. This study investigates the impact of resistance and aerobic training in conjunction with methadone consumption on lipid profiles and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in addicted men.
Material & MethodsNinety addicted men (mean age 36.82 ± 4.32 years) undergoing prison treatment were randomly assigned to six groups (n=15 each): control, narcotics anonymous (NA), aerobic training + methadone, aerobic training + methadone reduction, resistance training + methadone, resistance training + methadone reduction. The 12-week exercise program, conducted thrice weekly, included aerobic training (4-8 sets, 3 minutes each, at 80-90% maximum heart rate on the ergometer bike) and resistance training (12 repetitions, 3 sets, at 70-85% of one repetition maximum). Blood samples collected pre- and post-intervention measured CRP and blood lipids using specialized kits. Data were analyzed with SPSS software, employing multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test (P<0.05).
ResultsHigh-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels significantly increased in trained groups compared to the control (P<0.001). Moreover, trained groups exhibited significant decreases in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, and CRP compared to the control group (P<0.05). Importantly, aerobic training was more effective than resistance training in improving the studied variables.
ConclusionExercise training, particularly aerobic training with methadone ingestion, yields positive effects, including reduced CRP levels and improved lipid profiles in addicted men. Exercise training with methadone reduction may be considered for empowering individuals with addiction issues.
Keywords: Exercise, Lipids, C-reactive Protein, Methadone, Substance-Related Disorders -
ObjectiveMost polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients have metabolic abnormalities in which insulin resistance (IR) plays a pivotal role. Cinnamon is a herbal medicine with insulinotropic properties. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effects of cinnamon on ovarian volume, androgenic profile, and metabolic and anthropometric parameters in women with PCOS.Materials and MethodsA single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out on 39 overweight / obese women with PCOS. For six months, subjects in the cinnamon (500 mg) (n=19) and placebo (n=20) groups were given three capsules daily. Before and after the intervention, the variables were assessed. The data was analyzed using the GraphPad Prism software.ResultsAfter the intervention, the two intervention and control groups had significant differences in abdominal subcutaneous fat and ovarian volume, but they did not differ significantly in terms of body mass index (BMI). Also, after the intervention, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of lipid profile and the concentration of androgenic biomarkers of insulin resistance.ConclusionCinnamon supplementation improves ovarian volume and subcutaneous abdominal fat but has no effect on anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, insulin resistance, or androgen hormones.Keywords: Cinnamon, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Menstruation, insulin resistance, Lipids, Abdominal fat
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Journal of Research in Applied and Basic Medical Sciences, Volume:10 Issue: 1, Winter 2024, PP 47 -53Background & Aims
Accounting for wide variations in clinical manifestations, many variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have evolved since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The cause of death in COVID-19 varied from pulmonary involvement to abnormalities in coagulation and thromboembolism. In recent years, the role of lipids and lipoproteins in cardiovascular complications due to thromboembolic disturbances has been brought to light. Hence we conducted a study to evaluate the association between lipid profile and the severity of COVID-19 and their correlation with inflammatory markers.
Materials & MethodsThe retrospective-observational study included 320 subjects who were confirmed cases of COVID-19. Clinical history including intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation requirement, duration of hospital stay, mortality, CT score, CORAD classification scores, along with laboratory investigations comprising of lipid profile and inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, ferritin, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, and interleukin-6 were evaluated. Data was analyzed using Mann Whitney U test and Spearman correlation test with R software version 4.1.2, considering p value < 0.05 statistically significant.
ResultsIt was observed that 61.56% of the subjects needed intensive care unit admission while only 8.13% required mechanical ventilation and 12.81% were non-survivor patients. A statistically significant association of total cholesterol with mortality (p = 0.0181), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) with mortality (p = 0.0237), and mechanical ventilation (p = 0.0211); triglycerides with intensive care unit admission (p = 0.0359) and mechanical ventilation (p = 0.0085) was observed. LDL-c and total cholesterol showed an inverse correlation with duration of hospital stay, while inflammatory markers CRP, ferritin, LDH, and IL 6 had a negative correlation with TC,HDL-c and LDL-c (all p values below 0.05).
ConclusionFrom the present study, it is evident that the lipid profile is linked to both severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Primary information from the lipid profile of a COVID-19 patient can help physicians to anticipate the prognosis of the disease and help in instituting preemptive treatment, thereby decreasing complications and any resultant mortality.
Keywords: Biomarkers, Cholesterol, COVID-19, Lipids, SARS-CoV-2 -
Introduction
Menopause is a condition for metabolic disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa (NS), curcumin nanomicelle (CN), lipid profile, glycemic status and 17-β estradiol (ES) levels in postmenopausal women.
MethodsTriple-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 120 postmenopausal women. Participants were randomly assigned to four groups: 1) NS capsule 1000 mg and CN placebo, 2) 80 mg CN capsule and NS placebo, 3) both NS and CN capsules and 4) NS and CN placebo. Participants received a single dose daily for 6 months. The serum lipid profile, glycemic control biomarkers, and ES were measured pre-and post-intervention using biochemical methods.
ResultsTotal cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), insulin resistance (IR), and ES showed significant improvement in NS group. CN significantly reduced TC, FI, and IR, and significantly increased ES. The combination of NS-CN significantly decreased TC, LDL, FI, and IR, and increased HDL and ES. The comparison of the studied with the placebo groups showed that these changes were significant in glycemic indices and NS significantly increased estrogen.
ConclusionNS, CN and NS-CN improved lipid profiles, blood sugar, and hormone levels. However, this improvement was significant in glycemic indices and estrogen levels compared to the placebo group. No superiority of combined NS-CN over NS or CN was found in this trial.
Keywords: Menopause, Curcumin, Nigella sativa, Lipids, Glucosemetabolism disorders, Estrogens -
Background
Oral ingestion of lead in drinking water represents the most common route of human and animal exposure, especially in the developing nations. Unlike other internal organs, research on the effects of lead on gastrointestinal tract remains limited. This study explored the alterations in faecal fatty acid composition, gastrointestinal and hepatic histologies and redox status, following chronic, 90-day exposure of rats to lead acetate (PbA). We also investigated the protective effects of rutin and melatonin against lead toxicity in rats.
MethodsFifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of 10 (A-E) and were assigned as follows: A: Control; B: 1% PbA in drinking water; C: PbA+rutin (50 mg/kg); D: PbA+melatonin (25 mg/kg) and E: PbA+rutin+melatonin. The faecal fatty acid profiles were quantified by methylation and gas chromatography-flame ion detection. We also evaluated the oxidative stress and antioxidant markers for the stomach, liver, and guts, and their histopathological alterations.
ResultsExposure to PbA caused remarkable elevations of the faecal fats, such as undecylic, lauric, tridecylic, myristic, and palmitic acids, compared to the controls and rats in group C. The administration of rutin and/or melatonin ameliorated the PbA-induced increases in the hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents. Rutin and melatonin improved the levels of thiol, and reduced the glutathione, glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase activities.
ConclusionThe findings suggest that rutin alone or combined with melatonin protects against PbA-induced disruption of the liver and gastrointestinal tract integrity via modulation of intestinal total lipids in cells and redox imbalances.
Keywords: Gastrointestinal tract, Lead acetate, Lipids, melatonin, Oxidative stress, Rutin -
Aims
The consumption of fruits and vegetables has a protective effect on cardiovascular disease and its associated risk factors. The present study aimed to assess the effect of educational intervention on fruit and vegetable consumption, as well as its effect on blood lipid parameters, in government employees.
Materials & MethodsThis quasi-experimental cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in two offices in Qaem Shahr. The data collection tool included a 31-item questionnaire on the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and a laboratory test to measure blood lipid parameters. The Chi-square test, t-test, paired sample t-test, and ANCOVA were used for data analysis.
FindingsThe study groups significantly differed in mean fruit and vegetable consumption after the six-month intervention (p<0.001). The mean total cholesterol (p<0.001) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C; p=0.005) levels were significantly different between the groups after the intervention. The mean difference of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels showed a significant relationship with the study groups and the interaction of gender and group (p<0.001). The mean difference of total cholesterol (p=0.008) and LDL-C had a significant relationship with the study groups (p=0.03).
ConclusionIncreased consumption of fruits and vegetables is only effective in improving the levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C, but not in lowering triglyceride and HDL-C levels. Therefore, influencing factors, such as the duration of fruit and vegetable consumption, as well as the time required to monitor their effect on these parameters, should be more closely examined.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Fruits, vegetables, Lipids -
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are nano-sized colloidal drug delivery system that contains a lipid mixture consisting of both solid and liquid lipids in their core. This lipid-based nanosystem is introduced as a biocompatible, non-toxic, and safe nano-drug delivery system as compared to polymeric or metallic nanoparticles. Due to its safety, stability, and high drug loading capacity compared to other lipid-based nanocarriers, NLC gained the attention of researchers to formulate safe and effective drug carriers. The ability to increase drug solubility and permeability while encapsulating the drug in a lipidic shell makes them an ideal carrier for drug delivery through difficult-to-achieve routes. Surface modification of NLC and the use of various additives result in drug targeting and increased residence time. With such qualities, NLCs can be used to treat a variety of diseases such as cancer, infections, neurodegenerative diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and pain management. This review focuses on the recent developments being made to deliver the drugs and genes through different routes via these nanocarriers. Here, we also discuss about historical background, structure, types of NLC and commonly employed techniques for manufacturing lipid-based nanocarriers.
Keywords: Drug delivery systems, Lipids, nanoparticles, Drug carriers, Permeability, Oral, Ophthalmic, Intransal -
BackgroundObesity has dramatically formed a public health problem across the world. The current survey explored the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) on paraclinical parameters and cardiorespiratory fitness among women with overweight and obesity who referred to the nutrition clinics.MethodsWe conducted a single blind randomized clinical trial study on 136 women with overweight and obesity who were randomly assigned to MI (n=68) or control (n=68) groups during September 2014 to October 2015 year in Gorgan city of Golestan province. The Rockport Walk Test was used to evaluate the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and total cholesterol which were also tested in participants trained to fast for 12 hours and avoid alcohol consumption in 24 hours before the blood test. The total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and cardio-respiratory fitness were investigated at baseline and at 12 months’ follow-up. Descriptive analysis was run to describe the mean and standard deviation of the demographic characteristics. Independent t-test, paired t-test, and chi-square test were applied. A P value<0.05 was considered as significant.ResultsThe mean age of the MI and control group was 51.6±5.2 and 53.8±5.8 years, respectively. MI significantly reduced the total cholesterol (P=0.032), HDL-C (P=0.041) and LDL-C (P=0.011), while it increased VO2 max compared to the control group.ConclusionMI may remarkably affect the participant’s paraclinical outcomes including lipid profiles and cardiorespiratory fitness levels. More surveys seem helpful to confirm the effectiveness of MI on long-time changes among people with overweight and obesity.Keywords: Follow-up studies, Lipids, Motivational Interviewing, Obesity
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BackgroundQuercetin is a flavonoid having anti-cancer properties; however, it has low stability, insufficient bioavailability, and poor solubility. This study aimed to load quercetin on nanoliposomes to enhance its efficiency against SW48 colorectal cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of free-quercetin and quercetin-loaded nanoliposomes on the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGER) gene was investigated.MethodsThis present in vitro study was conducted at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences (Yasuj, Iran) in 2021. In this in vitro study, the lipid thin-film hydration method was used to synthesize quercetin-loaded liposomes. Additionally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations were used to characterize nanomaterials. Following that, MTT, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR were used to investigate the cytotoxicity of quercetin-loaded liposomes on the colorectal cancer cells SW48 cell line, the incidence of apoptosis, and the expression of the EGFR gene in these cells. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS (version 26.0), and the graphs were created with the GraphPad Prism version 8.4.3. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe nanoparticles were spherical, homogenous, and 150±10 nm in size. According to HPLC, Quercetin had a 98% loading capacity. Although both free quercetin and quercetin-loaded liposomes indicated significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells (P˂0.001), the combined form was significantly more active (P=0.008). 50 µg/mL of this compound reduced the viability of SW48 cells by more than 80% (IC50: 10.65 µg/mL), while the viability of cells treated with free quercetin was only 66% (IC50: 18.74 µg/mL). The apoptosis was nearly doubled in the cells treated with quercetin-loaded nanoliposomes compared to free quercetin (54.8% versus 27.6%). EGFR gene expression, on the other hand, was significantly lower in cells treated with quercetin-loaded liposomes than the quercetin alone (P=0.006).ConclusionWhen combined with nanoliposomes, quercetin had greater anti-proliferative, apoptotic, and anti-EGFR expression than free quercetin.Keywords: Neoplasms, Quercetin, Colorectal neoplasms, Erbb receptors, Lipids, Nanoparticles
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Background
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that impairs plasma lipid levels and prone a person to cardiovascular diseases. Since standard therapies in diabetes control fail in many patients, using herbal medicines in these patients has been considered.
ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa (NS) seed powder on blood sugar and fat profile in type 2 diabetic patients.
MethodsEighty patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited and randomly assigned into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received a capsule containing Nigella sativa seed powder for two months, and the control group received a placebo. Blood glucose and lipid profile data were statistically analyzed at the end of two months. This study was conducted in diabetic clinic of Khomein City during the 2019 - 2020 year. The groups were compared using a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test.
ResultsThe mean age of patients was 53.82 in the experimental group and 55.12 in the control group. In comparison between the two measurements before and after the interventions, the variables glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cholesterol (Chol), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.0001). The interactive effect between the control and intervention groups before and after the interventions was statistically significant for the postprandial glucose (PPG) variable (P = 0.035).
ConclusionsThe results of our study showed that the consumption of NS seed in diabetic patients could change the fat profile and reduce hemoglobin HbA1c, which indicated that Nigella sativa seed had been effective in reducing blood sugar over time.
Keywords: Nigella sativa, Black Cumin, Type 2 Diabetes, Blood Sugar, Lipids -
هدف
کمبود ویتامین D و اختلال در نیمرخ لیپیدی از عوامل خطر در دوران سالمندی محسوب می شود و تمرینات ورزشی به عنوان یک روش تعدیل این وضعیت پیشنهاد شده است. از اینرو، هدف از تحقیق حاضر تعیین تاثیر هشت هفته تمرینات تناوبی شدید (HIIT) بر سطوح سرمی ویتامین D و نیمرخ لیپیدی مردان سالمند بود.
روش کارتعداد 20 نفر مرد سالمند (دامنه سنی 75-60 سال) به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه HIIT و کنترل قرار گرفتند. برنامه HIIT به مدت هشت هفته و سه روز در هفته انجام شد. برنامه HIIT به مدت هشت هفته و سه روز در هفته انجام شد. برنامه HIIT سه روز در هفته و با میانگین زمانی 40 تا 60 دقیقه و هر فعالیت ورزشی با نسبت زمانی 1 به 2 و مدت زمان هر فعالیت در 4 هفته اول فعالیت 30 ثانیه با شدت بیش از 75 درصد ضربان قلب ذخیره بود و از هفته پنجم و ششم به 45 ثانیه و در هفته های هفتم و هشتم به 60 ثانیه رسید. نمونه های خونی 48 ساعت قبل اولین جلسه و 48 ساعت پس از آخرین جلسه تمرینی از آزمودنی ها گرفته شد. از آزمون t همبسته و تحلیل کواریانس برای مقایسه درون گروهی و بین گروهی نتایج تحقیق استفاده گردید. همه آنالیزهای آماری بوسیله نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 24 در سطح معنی داری 05/0 انجام شد.
یافته هاسطوح ویتامین D (06/3±88/21قبل ازتمرینات به 34/3±1/25 بعد از تمرینات، 000/0P=) و HDL (9/8±6/53 قبل از تمرینات، 01/10±9/57 بعد از تمرینات،016/0 = P) در گروه HIIT افزایش معنی داری نسبت به گروه کنترل داشت (05/0≤P)، اما سطوح LDL (5/23±116 قبل از تمرینات، 8/16±6/101 بعد از تمرینات، 014/0 P=) و تری گلیسرید (6/29±162 قبل از تمرینات، 07/10±4/143 بعد از تمرینات، 000/0 =P) نسبت به گروه کنترل کاهش معنی داری داشت (05/0≤P).
نتیجه گیریبراساس یافته ها؛ جهت افزایش سطوح سرمی ویتامین D و اصلاح و تعدیل نیمرخ لیپیدی ویتامین D سرمی در مردان سالمند استفاده از تمرینات تناوبی شدید(HIIT) مفید می باشد.
کلید واژگان: سالمندی, تمرین تناوبی شدید, لیپیدها, ویتامین DIntroductionVitamin D deficiency and increased lipid profile are risk factors in old age. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of vitamin D, lipid profile of elderly men.
MethodsTwenty elderly men aged 60-75 years were randomly divided into two groups, including aerobic exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). The aerobic exercise program was performed for eight weeks and three days a week. Blood samples are taken at rest 48 hours before the start of training and 48 hours after the last training session. Dependent t-test and analysis of covariance were used for intragroup and intergroup comparison. All statistical analyzes were performed by SPSS version 24 software at a significance level of 0.05.
ResultsVitamin D levels (21.88±3.06 before training to 25.3±1.34 after training, P=0.000) and HDL (53.6±8.9 before training, 57.9±10.01 After the training, P = 0.016) in the HIIT group had a significant increase compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.05), but LDL levels (116±23.5 before the training, 101.6±16.8 after the training), P=0.014) and triglyceride (162±29.6 before training, 143±10.07 after training, P=0.000) had a significant decrease compared to the control group (P≤0.05).
Conclusionbased on the findings; In order to increase the serum levels of vitamin D and modify and adjust the lipid profile of serum vitamin D in elderly men, it is useful to use high intensity interval training (HIIT).
Keywords: Elderly, High IntensityInterval Training, Lipids, Vitamin D -
مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، سال هشتادم شماره 5 (پیاپی 256، امرداد 1401)، صص 344 -350زمینه و هدف
به سبب مزمن بودن بیماری دیابت، کودکان مبتلا به دیابت نوع یک در معرض عوارض بلند مدت متعددی هستند. یکی از عوارض مهم این بیماری درگیری قلبی عروقی به علت تصلب شرایین می باشد که ارتباط مستقیم با وضعیت کنترل چربی های خون دارد. استفاده از پروبیوتیک ها ممکن است با تاثیر بر متابولیسم چربی، در روند بروز عوارض در این بیماران موثر باشد. هدف ما از انجام این مطالعه بررسی اثر پروبیوتیک خوراکی بر پروفایل چربی در کودکان مبتلا به دیابت نوع یک می باشد.
روش بررسیاین مطالعه در بیمارستان فوق تخصصی کودکان بهرامی از اردیبهشت 1397 تا اردیبهشت 1398 انجام شده است. در این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی شده، تعداد 52 کودک مبتلا به دیابت نوع یک (از 16-2 ساله) مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان کودکان بهرامی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند و بیماران به دو گروه 26 نفره تقسیم شدند. گروه پروبیوتیک علاوه بر درمان روتین انسولین، روزانه یک کپسول پروبیوتیک به مدت 90 روز دریافت نمودند و گروه شاهد صرفا درمان روتین انسولین را دریافت کردند. نمونه خون بیماران دو گروه در شروع و پایان مداخله برای ارزیابی پروفایل چربی گرفته شد.
یافته هادر نتایج این مطالعه مشاهده شد HDL-C در گروه پروبیوتیک نسبت به گروه کنترل افزایش داشته است، هرچند از نظر آماری معنادار نبود (05/0P>). همچنین تغییرات کلسترول کل، LDL-Cو تری گلیسرید نیز از نظر آماری معنادار دیده نشد.
نتیجه گیریبراساس این مطالعه، استفاده از پروبیوتیک خوراکی به مدت 90 روز در کودکان مبتلا به دیابت نوع یک، تاثیر چشمگیری بر پروفایل چربی خون در مقایسه با گروه کنترل نداشته است.
کلید واژگان: کودکان, لیپیدها, پروبیوتیک ها, دیابت نوع یکBackgroundDue to the chronic nature of diabetes, children with type 1 diabetes are prone to a number of long-term complications. One of the most important complications of this disease is cardiovascular involvement due to atherosclerosis, which is directly related to the control of blood lipids. The use of probiotics may be effective in the process of complications in these patients by affecting fat metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral probiotics on lipid profiles in children with type 1 diabetes.
MethodsThis study was conducted at Bahrami Children's Hospital from May 2018 to May 2019. In this single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 52 children with type 1 diabetes (aged 2 to 16 years) were studied. We created two groups of 26 individuals. The inclusion criteria were determined as follows: Proof of T1DM by history and information of children’s medical record. Also, the Exclusion criteria were determined in this way: Patients consuming probiotics in the last 4 weeks, gastrointestinal infections in the last 2 weeks, and presence of chronic underlying intestinal diseases. The probiotic group received, in addition to insulin therapy, a daily probiotic capsule for 90 days. The control group received only routine insulin therapy. Blood samples were taken to measure lipid profiles at the beginning and end of the trial.
ResultsA total of 52 patients were included. The mean age of children was 9.3±2.9 (4 to 14 years). The mean age in the probiotic and control groups was 9.6±3.5 and 9.4±3.0 respectively. The results of this study showed that HDL-C was increased in the probiotic group compared to the control group, although it was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Also, changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglyceride were not statistically significant
ConclusionIn this study, the use of oral probiotics for 90 days in children with type 1 diabetes did not have a significant effect on blood lipid profiles compared to the control group.
Keywords: children, lipids, probiotics, type 1 diabetes
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