Evaluation of Leaf Proteome Pattern and Antioxidant Activity of Barley under Salinity Stress

Drought and salinity stress are adverse environmental factors that affect crop growth and yield. Abiotic stress cause some reaction in plants such as change in gene expression, cell metabolism, growth and yield. Moreover, stress condition resulted in increase of reactive oxygen species and disturbe macromolecules such as proteins, fatty acids, nucleic acid and pigments. In order to evaluate salinity effect on leaf proteome pattern and changes in antioxidant activity of two barley (Afazal, L.527) genotypes, an experiment was carried out using factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications under controlled conditions and salinity (200 and 300 mM) stress. Salinity stress was imposed in seedling with 4-5 leaves stage for 24 hours. Salt stress decreased the catalase activity while increased the other antioxidant activity such as peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Although the response of genotypes was different. Analysis of gels revealed that in tolerant genotype 97 protein spots (%78 up-regulated, %22 down-regulated) and in susceptible genotype 94 protein spots (%37 up-regulated, %63 down-regulated) showed significant changes in compare with control. Result of MS/MS led to the identification of some proteins involved in antioxidant activity, energy generating and other mechanisms.