Studying of genomic content and karyological analysis of iranian Triticum monococcum morphotypes.

In this study, genomic DNA contents of part Iranian wild diploid wheat (Triticum monococcum) collection were measured through flowcytometry. This collection included 21 morphotypes of T. boeoticum subsp. boeoticum, 53 morphotypes of T. boeoticum subsp. thaoudar and 19 morphotypes of T. urartu. The pick indices of different samples were highly divergent to elucidate a variation in their genomic DNA content; however none of them was similar to polyploidy checks. Some accessions with low and high indices of flowcytometry pick were selected for karyotypic studies. Mitotic karyotype of each accession was studied by estimation of means of total length of chromosomes, arm ratios and centromeric index. Mitotic karyotyping analysis indicated that all the studied accessions encompass the expected chromosome number of diploid wheat, 2n=2x=14. Aneuploid karyotype was not found in any sample. Therefore, it seems that the variation in total genomic DNA content could be due to some changes in the structure of A genome chromosomes of wild Iranian Triticum monococcum. Variation in karyotipic characters, e.g. chromosome size, centromeric index and arm ratio, deduce evolutionary changes in the structure of chromosomes as plant species evolve and diverge. Further elucidation of the observed variation necessities complementary studies using chromosome banding techniques.