The study of callus formation and effects of different concentration of KCl and NaCl on the calli from immaturate embryos in barley

Salinity is a very important factor in restricting the plant growth. The elements prevent the accumulation of sodium in cells،can also decrease harmful effects of salinity. One of these elements is potassium which different salts indicated different responses in decreasing the unsuitable effects of salinity. In this study immaturate embryos of ‘Va-alfajr’ cultivar were cultured on MS medium having different concentration of Kin and 2،4D hormones. Protein content and proline amino acid of the calli were measured. Results showed that optimal treatment for callus formation was MS medium containing Kin= 0 and 2،4D= 2mg/L. This investigation showed that increasing NaCl and KCl in medium، callus index decreases. Results showed that with increasing NaCl and KCl in the medium total protein decreases while the amount of proline increases.