Theory of Principality of Existence and the Philosophical Innovations Resulted from that Theory in Transcendental Philosophy

Principality of existence, which is one of the most fundamental issues in primary philosophy, is one of the main branches of Ṣadr al-Muti’allihīn's philosophy and nearly all discourses of transcendental philosophy are considered to be based on it, to the extent that the transcendence of Mullā Ṣadrā’s philosophy is considered due to the transcendence of existence and the “existence” as his first and last word in this philosophical system. Mullā Ṣadrā is considered to be innovative and pioneering in exploring or applying demonstrative reasoning to different philosophical issues such as modulation of existence, indigence possibility, substantial motion, permeation of science and power in beings and many of the issues relating to faculty and action, and creation and innovation. Examining the status of the principality of existence in transcendental philosophy, the present paper explains the outcomes and blessings that belief in principality of existence has provided for this school of thought and prompted some innovations in it.