A study on relationship between omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids intakes in Patients with ulcerative colitis

Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are chronic illnesses that affect predominately the gastrointestinal tract. The pathogenesis and etiology remain unclear but the importance of environmental factors, in particular diet, is evidenced by the increased incidence rates of the recent decades that genetic inheritance cannot account for. In particular, the quantity of fatty acid consumption has been consistently linked with IBD risk. While several studies have investigated the connections between diet, etiology, signs and symptoms associated with IBD, very few have explored the relationship between disease state and specific fatty acid intake in the pediatric IBD population. In this cross-sectional study, 65 patients that all patients had colit ulcerative and it hadn’t passed more than 6 months of their desease. And also 137 healthy individual that matched for age, sex, contraceptive pills and smoking with patients. all participants in the study were recruited from Sari hospital. dietary record was used through mechanized food frequency questionnaire(MFFQ). A logistic regression and liner regression analysis was carried out to correlate disease severity with the dietary intake of omega 3, omega 6 fatty acid, omega 6/3 ratio. The findings showed that the highest quartile of intake of omega 6/3 fatty acid was associated with an increase risk of ulcerative colitis (OR, 3/48 95% CI, 1/43-8/45, P= 0/006) with a significant trend across quartiles (OR 1/09, Pt=0/008). highest quartile of intake of omega-6 fatty acid intake also was associated with increase the risk of ulcerative colitis)OR, 2/16 95% CI, 0/91-5/1, P=0/07) with a significant trend across quartiles (OR 1/02, Pt=0/08). also highest quartile of intake of omega-3 fatty acid was associated with a reduce risk of ulcerative colitis (OR, 0/43 95%CI, 0/15-1/21, P=0/11) but, this rate was not statistically significant (OR 0/17, Pt =0/94). While the western diet has high ratio of omega6 than omega 3,several studies, including this study show that increasing the ratio of omega 6/3 in the diet may also resulted in an increased incidence of many chronic disease like IBD. Overall, the findings obtained in the present study emphasizes the importance of choosing an appropriate dietary pattern that includes a good ratio of omega 6/3.