Sibawayhi and the Beginnings of Arabic Grammar

The purpose of this brief research is to study the viewpoints and opinions of Sibawayhi، one of the most illustrated Muslim thoughtfuls،about language and linguistics. He was the leader of the Basran school، his one work is known as «sibawayhi''s Book»، Kitaab Sibawayhi. It is، in fact، one of the earliest books in Arabic at all، and was probably dictated informally to Sibawayhi''s principal pupil al-Akhfas، who then issued it as a book after his master''s death. His personal insight into the nature of language and his analytical genius alone enabled him to create an exhaustive Arabic grammatical system which has been the reference point for all subsequent grammatical speculation to this day، and for which it very soon became known as the “Quran of grammar«. In this paper، we''ll try to mention syntax، morphology and lastly phonology، reflecting Sibawayhi''s own notion of appropriate sequence for linguistic analysis.