Turbulence Modeling in a Lifted Diffusion Jet Flame Issuing into a Hot and Dilluted Coflow

In this paper, a turbulent lifted diffusion jet flame is studied using the composition probability density function approach in a two-domensional domain with detailed chemistry. The main purpose is to investigate the effect of density variations on scalar fields and lift-off height. For this purpose, the standard k- model as well as a modified turbulence model for variable density conditions are employed to investigate the impact of turbulence models on the flame behavior and the place of stabilization. The results show that the best agreement between the numerical results and measurements is achieved using the modified turbulence model. A comparison between the numerical results and measurements shows that the standard k- model over-predicts the spreading and decay rates in the jet. Using the velocity-pressure gradient term in the modified turbulence model resolves the relevant problem to a great extent and leads to better results than those of the standard k- model.