Comparison of anesthetic effects produced by extracts of Valeriana officinalis, Melissa officinalis and Salvia officinalis on common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic effects of three plant extracts on common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Melissa officinalis and Valeriana officinalis extracts were prepared by the method of Maceration and Salvia officinalis extract was purchased from market. Different concentrations of those extracts were used on common carp with a mean total length of 12.48±1.85 cm and mean body weight of 27.25±7.99 g. Melissa officinalis concentrations were used 25.5, 51 and 76.5 g/l, Valeriana officinalis concentrations were used 4.15 and 6.81 g/l and Salvia officinalis concentrations were used 0.075, 0.125, 0.175 and 0.225 g/l. During the experiment, physicochemical factors including water temperature, pH, salinity and water hardness, were measured 21 oC, 6.7, 1.02 ppt and 651 mg CaCo3/lit, respectively. Statistical analysis of all data was performed using ANOVA and Duncan test was used for determining of significant differences between treatments (P<0.05). Comparing of three extracts can be concluded that the application of low concentrations of all three extracts showed significant differences (P<0.05) and at higher concentrations, the significant trend is reduced. The shortest time to complete anesthesia was 253.3±0.5 seconds in concentrations of 0.225 g/l of Salvia officinalis and for full recovery was 210±30 seconds in concentration of 76.5 g/l of Melissa officinalis. The maximum time for full anesthetic was 1170±30 seconds in concentration of 25.5 g/l of Melissa officinalis and maximum time for full recovery was 490.3±3.51 seconds in concentration of 0.075 g/l of Salvia officinalis.