A Comparative Study on the Principle of guilt in the Iranian and English Criminal Legal Systems

Crimes, and the fact that Universal Jurisdictional being accepted for them(from many years ago) there are some new forms of these crimes, which is more common now. there are “Maritime Terrorism, drags smugglings and emigrant smuggling by sea. Between these new crimes, Maritime Terrorism is more important, because of the 9/11 terrorism attack in America which attract public opinion more than any other crimes. From 1980s, International Maritime Organization(IMO) has prepared and approved some international treaties, guidelines and recommendations for preventing these unlawful acts against the ships and their passengers and its crews. After 9/11 terrorism attacks in 2001, IMO adopted some special measurers for improving maritime security in 2002, which are binding for all ships having international voyage and for their equipments. So, in this research I will study following international document for preventing maritime terrorism in international law. These documents are as follows: International convention on law of the sea(1982) especially articles(101 and 108). The Rome “convention for the suppression of unlawful acts against the safely of Maritime navigation “(SUA convention),(agreed 3/88) The addition Protocol for the suppression of unlawful acts against the safely of fixed platforms located on the continental self(SUA) 1988 The International Convention for the safety of life at sea, 1974(SOLAS Convention) The International ship and port facility security code(ISPS code) The additional protocols to SUA convention in 2005 The Long Range Identification and Tracing(LRIT) in 2006.