Salt Leaching Process in saline soils through disturbed soil columns

Accumulation of anions and cations in soil solution prevents growth of plant. The main problem in saline soils is related to soluble salts. Saline soils have a large amount of salts; therefore the leaching from these soils is important. This study was conducted to evaluate the movement of solutes using soil columns picked from Azizabad of Bam. Leaching experiments were conducted on columns of five soil textures (clay loam، loam، sandy clay loam، sandy loam، loam sandy). The soils were filled in columns to achieve uniform bulk density of 1. 5 g cm-3. The columns were leached with approximately 5 pore volumes (pv). Effluents from each leaching were collected for chemical analysis. Leachate samples were analyzed for soluble cations (Ca2+، Mg2+، Na+ and K+). After completion of the leaching the soil columns were split open and cut into 3 sections، each 10 cm. Soil samples at different column depths were analyzed for EC، Na+،Ca2+ and Mg+. The results showed using water in leaching experiments could reduce solutes concentration and it following saline soils and these soils do not need any amendant. Generally the effect of coarse textured soil on the ion movement is more than in the case of fine textured soil. The solute arrival in effluent solution is ahead when soil texture is coarse. The amount of clay plays an important role for retaining and ions removal from soil. The difference between the amounts of irrigation water needed for salinity removal depends on soil texture. The most common of such reactions is cation exchange.