Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Constant Region of Immunoglobulin Y Heavy Chains in Khorasan Native Chicken

In recent years، immunoglobulin Y is used in medical، genetic and animal research as a polyclonal antibody. Immunoglobulin Y has both heavy and light chains. The heavy chain in birds has one variable region and 5 constant regions. The constant region structure determines the class or subclass of the immunoglobulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of the gene encoding the constant fragment of the immunoglobulin Y heavy chain in Khorasan native chicken. For this purpose، 20 samples were collected randomly from Khorasan native chicken spleen. After RNA extraction، cDNA synthesis was performed by reverse transcription. A 1205 bp fragment of the constant region of IgY was amplified by PCR using specific primers. After sequencing، 5 haplotypes were identified. Phylogenetic results demonstrated that Khorasan native chicken had the lowest genetic distance with white Leghorn chicken and Azarbaijan native chicken. Totally، there were 9 mutations at the RNA level but only five mutations caused a change in the amino acid.