Evaluation of the Effect of Controlled Firing on cover transformation and Composition of Corticolous Lichens in Forest (Case Study: Kodir Sar Forest)

Fire is one of the most important factor of alteration in the process of stability in land ecosystems, especially forest. With even vainest alterations in the structure of forest, condition of the environment changes and micro species in flora of forest like lichens, mosses, mushrooms, etc. Show the highest sensitivity compared with these disturbances. The normal fires that occurred in Kodir Sar forest in 2010 burnt over three hectares of the district "Pymud". Before 2009 fire, a study was conducted on crustose lichens using 60*40 cm quadrates on trees. Then the position of each tree sampled by random-systematic method and registered by GPS was located. Again after 2009 fire, the changes continued. The results showed that the crustose lichens species decyeased from 40.54% to 12.71%, the fruticose lichens from 27.8% to 7.2% and foliose lichens from 20.14% to 2%. As it is observed in the numbers that were mentioned, we can conclude that the percentage of coverage in general has decreased. But the study on the composition of species showed that four kinds have been added to lichens family that include a kind of Lobaria polmunaria Hoffm from foliose lichens, Evernia prunaste kinds and Usnea longissima (L.) from fruticos lichens and Lecanora argentata(Ach) from crustose lichens after the fire.