Influence of Variable Properties Nanofluid on Combined Convection Heat Transfer in a Two Sided Lid-Driven Enclosure with Sinusoidal Temperature Profile

This numerical study is focused on variation of mixed convection heat transfer and fluid flow of nanofluid with effective viscosity and thermal conductivity which are dependent on temperature and nanoparticles size and concentration insida double lid-driven cavity. The Navier–Stokes and energy equations are obtained numerically using a FORTRAN code. New Xu’s and Jang’s models are used for calculating the effective thermal conductivity and the effective dynamic viscosity، respectively. The impact of increase in buoyancy force while the shear force was constant and effects of increase in shear force when the buoyancy force was kept constant were investigated. In the current work، we examine the effects of temperature، non-uniform diameter of suspended nanoparticles in base fluid، volume fraction of nanoparticle، Grashof and Reynolds number on hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics. The obtained results show that the heat transfer increases with decrease in diameter of nanoparticle for a particular Re; it also increases with increase in Grashof and Reynolds number for a particular volume fraction and diameter size.