Safety Assessment in Construction Projects Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Grey Fuzzy Methods

The construction industry is known as one of the most dangerous industries according to its unique nature. With the rapid development of construction in our country, the safety problems at construction sites have become a serious problem. Therefore, paying attention to safety, identifying its effective indicators and projects’ safety evaluation is known as an essential issue for improving safety performance of construction projects. Regarding the factors influencing site safety which have fuzzy and uncertain nature, grey fuzzy analysis has been used in evaluating model. Grey theory which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods is used to solve problems with discrete, vague and incomplete data. Also Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine weight of each index. In three different construction projects which are analyzed as case studies, the indicators affecting construction safety are identified and the site safety setting is studied. According to the results, enough equipment and preventive actions index obtained the highest weight (0.307) and the least weight was for proper signage (0.018). Then, using grey fuzzy method, the current safety setting in the three sites is evaluated and ranked. The safety setting of project 1 was more appropriate. Comparing the results with the past research, experimental observations and feedback from risk assessment group demonstrate that this method is reliable and useful; therefore, it is recommended that safety managers use this method and also use factors identified in this study for safety performance assessment and reducing construction projects accidents.