Resilience and spiritual intelligence predictors of as academic self-efficacy in urban and rural students

The present correlational study was aimed to predict academic selfefficacy based on resilience and spiritual intelligence among urban and rural High school students in Jiroft City, Kerman province. A sample of 408 (including 210 girls and 198 boys) high school students in Jiroft city and suburban rural were selected via random cluster sampling procedure.Morgan-Jinks Student Efficacy Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale & Spiritual Intelligence Scale were used as research instruments. Two statistical methods, including correlation & regression analysis were usedfor analyzing the data. In general, the results showed that academic selfefficacy and spiritual intelligence were correlated. Academic self-efficacy and resilience were also significantly correlated. Both resilience and spiritual intelligence were positive predictors for academic self-efficacy. Analyzing the data among urban students showed that from two predictors, only resilience can positively predict academic self-efficacy. In rural students both resilience and spiritual intelligence positively predicted academic self-efficacy, while spiritual intelligence was a stronger predictor in this analysis. A brief discussion on findings, implications and application of findings, and some suggestions for further research is provided at the end of the article.