Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome: A case report and the causes of success and failure of periodontal treatment in the literature

Due to the lack of a clear and consistent protocol for periodontal therapy in patients with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome, periodontal treatment is still a challenge for dentists in such patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of success and failure in periodontal treatment of patients with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome reported in the literature based on the treatment protocols offered. In addition, this article describes the periodontal treatment of a child with this syndrome during a 6-year follow-up.Case report: A 6-year-old boy, with clinical symptoms of hyperkeratosis of the palms, soles and knees and generalized aggressive periodontitis in primary dentition, was referred to Isfahan Faculty of Dentistry. The disease was confirmed by clinical and radiological evaluations. The patient was treated with a combination of non-surgical and anti-microbial therapy and placed on a monthly recall. Despite severe bone resorption and inflammatory symptoms on follow-up visits, during the last visit the patient exhibited radiographic signs of bone formation, which can enhance the idea that it might be possible to control the patient’s periodontal disease with continuous follow-ups.