Non-Reliability of Non-Jural Admission in Penal Cases

Though there is no disagreement in acceptance of non-jural admission in civil cases, there is some disagreement about acceptance of such an admission in penal cases. This disagreement is based on the kind of legal system; since, according to the system of spiritual proof (which is based on the judge’s conscience), there is no difference between jural and nonjural admissions; here, it is the judge who evaluates proofs and it is,again, the judge who clarifies the value of jural and non-jural admissions. Non-reliability of non-jural admission in penal cases may be a result of the fact that there is no requirement to accept such an admission and, at the same time, it may be a result of obstacles the most important of which is the term “‘ind al-Imam” in hadiths. It seems that non-jural admission cannot be accepted in very important civil cases as well.