Effect of organic and bio-fertilizers application on yield, oil content and fatty acids composition of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

To study the effect of organic and bio-fertilizers on yield, yield components, oil yield and fatty acids composition of sesame, an experiment was conducted in 2010 at Agricultural research field, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with three replications and eight treatments. The experimental treatments included: 1- Thiobacillus sp., 2- Granule fertilizer, 3- Cow manure, 4- Cow manure + Thiobacillus sp., 5- Cow manure + granule fertilizer, 6- Nitroxin + Bio-Phosphate, 7- Mycorrhizae + Nitroxin + Bio- Phosphate and 8- Control (no fertilizer). Results showed thatthe highest number of capsule per plant (101 capsules) was observed in cow manure + Thiobacillus sp. In addition, Thiobacillus and cow manure + granule fertilizer had significant effect on increasing seed yield. Application of Thiobacillus and cow manure + granule fertilizer increased seed yield of sesame by15.45% and 18.52 %, respectively. Oleic (cis) and linoleic acids (cis) were the major fatty acids (45.65% and 30.54%, respectively). The highest linolenic acid content was observed in control treatment (0.93%). In contrast, the lowest linolenic acid content was obtained in application of cow manure (0.33%), mycorrhizae + Nitroxin + bio-Phosphate (0.33 %) and cow manure + granule (0.35 %) treatments. The highest oleic (cis) acid content was observed in cowmanure + granule fertilizer (48.58 %) treatment. Based on our results, it is concluded that organic matter and nutrient availability of soil, especially by application of cow manure + granule fertilizer, was effective on increasing the tolerance of sesame oil to heat by increasing oleic acid content and decreasing the linolenic acid.