Religion in the View of Marks and Shariati, A Critique and Study

Throughout the history religion and its studies have been among interesting and controversial subjects. During the human life no society can be found without religion or worship. Therefore, to study religions, different approaches in the various scientific areas have been appeared such as; psychology of religion, sociology of religion, anthropology of religion, phenomenology of religion, theology, philosophy of religion, religions studies, Islamic theology and new theology. Indeed what is the nature of religion? What is the general interpretation derived from pure divine knowledge? In different religious findings what are the components of Marxian interpretation of religion. Meanwhile, as a social thinker what approach did Dr, Shariti adopt in religion interpretation? Moreover, what has been the first step of human religion, Unity or polytheism?This paper with analysis and documental approach deals with the investigation, comparison and critique of religious theory of Shariti and Marks. Therefore, in religion interpretation, Shariti approached the Marxian theory and considered the primary of human's religion as polytheism and the prophets and divine messengers are sent to human for calling unto people to unity and monotheism. This consideration and religious theory of shariti is wrong and disagree with current interpretation in pure knowledge of the Household (a).