Study of genetic diversity in some agronomic traits of barley using recombinant inbred lines

In order to study genetic diversity and detection relationship among agronomy traits, 169 barley recombinant inbred line (generation=RILs) and their parents “Igre” and “Arigashar”, were planted in a simple lattice design with two replications. Ten agronomic traits were scored on three randomly selected plants. The purpose of this study was detection of phenotype and genotype correlation between yield and yield components, estimation of direct and indirect effects of yield components on yield and its part in diversity justification. In analysis of variance differences between the lines for most of the traits was significant that showed enough diversity in population. Number of the rows and 1000- kernel weight had positive and negative correlation with yield, respectively. So number of the rows identified as an important traits (with 0/714) among all of the traits. In stepwise regression analysis, number of rows was the first trait that entered to the model and explained 51percent of the variation. In path analysis, number of rows showed the greatest direct effect on yield and the least amount belonged to spike length. In factor analysis, 5 independent factors explanied about 80/60 percent of the yield variation. The first factor that named plant high and the greatest coefficients related to spike length, number of node and plant height. In conclusion our results showed that the six rows barleys have greatest effect on yield, through own more seeds.