Identification of 1BL.1RS chromosomal translocation in Iranian bread wheat cultivars

The short arm of rye 1R chromosome (1RS) carries genes for resistance to diseases and pests. The presence of the 1RS arm also enhance adaptation, stress tolerance and yield potential of bread wheat. In the present study 17 bread wheat cultivars were screened to identify 1BL.1RS translocation (T1BL.1RS) by isoelectric focusing, C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods. Isoelectric focusing of glucose phosphate isomerase (IEF-GPI) is a quick and economical method for identification of homozygous T1BL.1RS. The IEF-GPI results showed that cultivars Fallat and Sabalan don,t have cathodal band encoded by 1BS arm and therefore carry T1BL.1RS. In addition to confirmation of homozygous T1BL.1RS in Fallat and Sabalan by C- banding method, this method also showed that no heterogeneity was found for 1RS translocation in plant materials. FISH using rye DNA as a probe confirmed the IEF-GPI and C-banding results. Our results showed that cultivars Fallat and Sabalan contained the 1RS chromosome arm and therefore may be considered as a useful genetic diversity resources for wheat breeding.