The Conformity of the Philosopher's Explanations with the Quran and Narration's Viewpoints about Temporality and Eternity of Human Soul

One of the fundamental questions about human souls is asked on whether it has a separate and substantive entity before belonging to body، being imparted to it and being united to it by occurrence of body، or it is similar to body and is occurred along with or by body. Among the Muslim Philosophers، there are three viewpoints about temporality and eternity of soul and to prove its own claim، each viewpoint has resorted to different verses and narrations and by underlying its own rational viewpoint، each one has made an attempt to justify the verses and narrations supporting the opposite theory. According to his approach in making his philosophical thoughts compatible with religious texts and having deep belief in unity of reason، narration and intuition، Mulla Sadra has also attempted to justify the philosophers’ opinions and concepts of some of the verses and narrations implying the prior existence of soul، in favor of his own theory. According to the importance of this discussion and lack of its explanation from the Book and tradition’s point of view، the paper aims at collecting and studying whatever has come about this subject in the verses and narrations to evaluate its compatibility or incompatibility with philosophical viewpoints.