Effect of municipal and industrial wastewater effluents on the Chromium and Vanadium residues in muscle tissue of Cyprinionm acrostomum and Chondrostoma regium fish in Kermanshah Gharasou River (2013)

Nowadays, the entrance of heavy metals in the aquatic environment is an important and also a global environmental concern due to the indiscriminate discharging of various industrial wastewaters, which cause accumulation of heavy metals in body of aquatic animals including fishes. The present study aimed to evaluate the amount of Chromium and Vanadium in muscle tissue of Chondrostoma regium and Cyprinion macrostomum fish in Kermanshah Gharasou River in 2013. For sampling eight different places were chosen along the river and according to places of discharging municipal and industrial wastewaters. A total of 10 samples were collected from each place and all samples were analyzed for determination of Chromium and Vanadium metals using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Based on results, mean concentrations of Chromium and Vanadium in muscle tissue of investigating different species among all places were significantly different (P <0.05). The minimum amount of Chromium and Vanadium content was observed at the 3 and 8 sampling stations; while the maximum quantity was determined at the 6 and 8 stations. Results revealed that mean content of Vanadium at the 3, 4, 5 and 6 station was significantly lower (P <0.05) than the standard limit approved by WHO, however, at the other stations the Vanadium content was significantly higher (P <0.05) than the WHO limit. The estimated Chromium quantity of all stations was higher than the FDA and WHO standards (P <0.05). Comparing the results of the present study with findings of other researches and also existing standards (FDA and WHO) indicate high levels of Chromium and Vanadium residues in muscle tissue of fishes. High loads of Pollutants with different types of industrial and municipal wastewater in Kermanshah Gharasou River are the major cause of heavy metals residues. Therefore, it is crucial to apply practical approaches to reduce these pollutants in Gharasou River.