Analysis and optimal to locating of the direction of Bokans physical- spatial development

Accelerated and excessive growth of cities have been influences many aspects of economic, social and environmental within and surrounding cities and this requires a holistic view on physical - spatial development is the future of cities. Thus, identifying and locating suitable land for future expansion of the city, is one of the most important decisions for urban planners. The main objective of this research is assesses and optimal location for physical growth the city of Boukan. In order to assess how the physical development of the city during the 1996 to 2006 years, is used the Shannon Entropy model and Using GIS tools to location optimal physical growth of the city of Boukan in the coming years will that The layers used in this study include: layers of high-voltage power lines, distance from surrounding villages, away from flood areas, surface water (rivers), roads, slope and land use. Results indicate that Boukan physical growth it was Non application planning and has experienced Sprawl development in the past few decades that this type of growth causes environmental and economic problems for the city of Boukan. Subsequent results showed that the best land for physical growth is located in the eastern part of the city of Boukan in Road Boukan - Shahindezh.Key words: location, physical - spatial development, Geographic Information system, urban sprawl growth, Bokan city. Influenced by the global economy, now a days urbanization has been accelerated in most parts of the world which is actually changing the shape of the world. The growth in the urban population and the increase in villages migration to cities have fundamentally changed all the social, economic, environmental and physical aspects of cities and turned the cities from a static and stable made in to an environment that is dynamic and full at paradoxes. This population growth have had its own problems one of which is the speeding physical development of cities. Urban physical development is a dynamic and continuous process and in this process the limits and physical space at cities will increase both qualitatively and qualitatively in vertical and horizontal directions and if this process is unplanned, the environmental and physics aspects of cities will face too much problems. That is why optimal planning and locating the development of physical aspects at cities is at too much importance of the future development of cities. Based on the 2007 census, because city has a population of 150703 which is the third city in west Azarbaijan province regarding its population. Regarding its population and physical aspects the cities has undergone some major changes during the past few decades in a way that the unplanned and uncontrolled physical- spatial development of cities have resulted in the distraction of a large amount of agricultural fields and the gardens around the city. This study attempts to investigation the physical development at this city in the recent decades and to determine the optimal physical- spatial development in the future using Geography Information System. This study is a applied regarding its purpose and descriptive- analytic regarding its method. After collecting the documentative data and doing the required modification and completing the data through field study, an attempt was made to update the maps through observation and the information available in relevant centers and to digitize the maps and create some bases. To create layers and the required information for this study from maps, the information available in the master plan development of Bokan and some other information were utilized. According to the analysis at 1987 census, Bukan city has a population of 150703 which ranks third regarding its population in west Azarbaijan after urmia and khoy. Due to various environmental and human factors, this city has been under constant changes during the past 50 years. These factors consist of: village- city migration, job opportunities, natural potential for physical development, inter intra city and provincial roads,.... population and physical changes of Bokan are so thought- provoking. The population of this was 5308 in 1957 but in 2007 its population was 150703 in other words during the last 50 years the population of this city has become 29 times as much as it was in 1957. According to the fields around Bokan, we can divide this city into three areas: completely suitable, unsuitable, completely unsuitable which based on the maps of fertilized lands, gardens and Nale Shekan mountains that are near the city have the lowest point for the future development of the city which means the authorities should prevent the wasting of these lands and orient the development of cities toward the lands which have a low value concerning environmental and a natural factors. The results of this study shows that the physical- spatial development of Bokan in the recent decades has been fast and unplanned and the results of locating using GIS reveals that the north- east lands of Bokan are in the best direction for the continuous development of this city in the future and that city should move in this direction in the coming years.