Identification of the self-incompatibility alleles in some Iranian apple cultivars (Malus domestica) using pcr

Apple trees are self-incompatible like some of the other Rosaceous fruits. In apple, the self-incompatibility system is gametophytic and controlled via one locus with several alleles. In this study, 22 apple cultivated genotypes were investigated using specific allele amplification by polymerase chain reaction with 18 special primers. In 14 cultivars, including Malake Lobnan (S23S24), Golab Esfahan, (S1S24), Golabe Nori Maragheh (S4S23), Atlasi (S1S20), Vasatres Ghermez (S4S18), Abasi Deraz Kharv (S1S7), Shali Akhlomad (S1S23), Abasi Gerde Kharv (S23S26), Ghasemshahi (S1S23), Golmakani (S3S23), Kado Sib Akhlamad (S1S26), Oganji Kharv (S1S26), Khoshei Kharv (S1S23) and Alimarei Avalres (S1S23), both of the alleles were identified, but in 8 cultivars including Winesap (S19-), Prime Gold (S23-), Bell de Anvar (S4-), Mahalli Sheikhi Zoodres (S1-), Khoje Torbat (S1-), Roein Esfaraien (S1-), Mahalli Kharv (S1-) and Oughan Shirvan (S1-) only one allele was distinguished. To amplify allele S1 in Iranian cultivars three different primers were applied. In some cultivars, no band was distinguished and in some other cultivars only non-specific bands were found. The primer MdS1SpF amplified the S1 allele in 7 cultivars, FTC168 in 5 cultivars and FS1 in 11 cultivars. In three cultivars, including Mahalli Sheikhi Zoodres, Ghasemshahi and Alimarei Avalres, all the three primers were able to amplify the S1. The results showed that cultivars like Kado Sib Akhlamad and Oganji Kharv and Shali Akhlomad, Ghasemshahi, Khoshei Kharv, and Alimarei Avalres are corss-incompatible.