The Truth of Knowledge and Perception from the Razi, and Mulla Sadra's view

The discussion of the knowledge and perception is one of the fundamental and essential issues in the Islamic philosophy. Discussion of science and secondary categories has not long history but after Tusi has been proposed as a philosophical problem. The independent debate about science and perception has been started since Fakhr Razi’ time and it is considered as his innovation. Fakhr Razi considers that there is an additional status between knower and the known which only could be realized by additions. In his point of view, when we understand an object, we find special relationship between reason and reasonable; this relation and additional is regarded as knowledge. Fakhr Razi, in many of his books, denies the unity of intellect and reason wrote various reasons for its violation. Therefore, by denying the intellect and reason, he also denies the alliance between mind and active intellect when thinking. Mulla Sadra by adopting new principles such as reality, doubt, move in atom, proved that knowledge does not exist within the categories and is not an issue of substantive, but the truth is the truth of knowledge. In his view, the abstract obviously is the potential reasonable, and in this case, alliance between intellect and reason is necessary because they have correlative relation and must be together; and on the other hand, when they think about the nature of an object, the all categories are available in the potential intellect; and hence, it units with intellect.