Criteria of Truth and Justification in Sadraian and Suhrawardian Schools

Epistemologists define knowledge as "justified true belief”. In the history of philosophy, concerning the measure of truth and justification, as the basic elements of the theory of knowledge, there were several theories. This is true concerning Sadraian and Suhrawardian schools. Although both schools take foundationalism about justification and correspondence concerning truth, but there are important differences between them. Sadraians distinguish between right and true on the base of the relation between proposition and the fact, and its priority and posterity. But the Suhrawardians don’t take this difference serious. Also, Suhrawardians consider correspondence merely conformity with the external world, while for Sadraians, correspondence consists in conformity with both internal and external world. On the other hand, these two schools have similarities, such as for both of them illumination and intuition are evident and fundamental knowledge, which can serve as the basis of human knowledge. Thus, they introduce a new version of foundationalism.