An experimental and theoretical investigation for determination of yield criteria parameters and forming limit diagram of Aluminum alloy 2024

In this article, an experimental and theoretical study on the prediction of forming limit diagram (FLD) for aluminum alloy (2024) is developed. To identify and calibrate coefficients of YLD2004-18P, YLD2011-18P, YLD2011-27P and BBC2008-16P advanced yield criteria, tensile tests were performed in seven directions with respect to the rolling direction. Directional yield stresses and anisotropy coefficients were determined. Then, an appropriate error-function was defined and optimized by using Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. By considering 14, 12, 10 and 8 anisotropy parameters, the effect of number of parameters on the accuracy of yield functions were investigated. The best condition with minimum error can be achieved, when 14 anisotropy parameters are used. To compare the calculated yield stresses and r-values with experimental data, a method presented by Leacock was used. The results have shown that all four criteria give predictions of yield stresses which are nearly close to experimental values. The prediction of yield stresses and anisotropy coefficients by means of YLD2011-27P and YLD2004-18P criteria have more correlation and good agreement with the experimental data, respectively. For obtaining experimental FLD Nakazima test was performed. In order to simulate the necking phenomenon and calculate the limit strains, the modified Marciniak-Kuczynski (MK) model, Swift hardening law and some new yield criteria including YLD2004-18P, YLD2011-18P, YLD2011-27P and BBC2008-16P were utilized. At the right hand side of FLD, YLD2004-18P and YLD2011-27P criteria and also at the left hand side YLD2011-27P criterion have shown better conformity with experimental results.