A Critique of the Pessimist Philosophy of Sheikh of Maarr

Abolala Maari has innovative and unique styles regarding pessimism philosophy, nihilistic lifestyle, and ascetic ethics. He has believed in absolute fatalism in the universe and to him, human has been considered as an ill-natured creature innately, astonished rationally, and incarcerated spiritually whose life is combined with misery and suffering and an unclear and dark future is waiting for him. Abolala suggests that human should be surrender against divine fatalism and be waiting for natural death by expanding self-suffering. Although this approach will clarify the negative aspect of secularism and materialistic hedonism, it is addressed by serious criticisms form the viewpoint of positive-directed philosophical schools and the holistic religion of Islam because it has neglected the perfectionism and hereafter world, denies human free will and counts the evil system prevalent. As a result, duty acceptance, the punishment and reward system, sending messengers and revelation of books are canceled and the divine wisdom and justice will be questioned and also the purpose of creation will be denied. In this paper, we have dealt with finding the origin of the philosophical and ethical principles of Sheikh Maarehs pessimism to propose strategies to be released from this kind of thought.