B-Glucan contents in calli of Oryza sativa L. var Hashemi under different nutritional treatments

Studies show that Oryza sativa L. contains a structure named β‐glucan with anti cancer properties. In the present study, a tissue culture for rice was carried out and β‐glucan content was measured under various sugar and vitamin levels in basic MS medium. Seeds of Hashemi cultivar were cultured on MS medium. Two plant hormones, namely, 2,4‐D (0, 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 mg/l) and kinetin (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/l) were used to form callus after one week. To extract β‐glucan, calluses were incubated by three different sugar treatments with concentrations 15, 30, and 45 g/l and by three vitamin treatments with concentrations 2/5, 5, and 10 cc. After 30 days, those calluses treated with sucrose 45 g/l had a deeper yellow color than other calluses. In fact, higher concentrations of sugar led to deeper color of calluses which were more rigid and dry and, at the same time, more fragile and less bright in color. The calluses were then dried in an oven, and soluble and insoluble sugars were extracted. Results indicated that highest levels of soluble and insoluble sugars (including β‐glucan) were achieved in medium containing 3% sucrose. Increase in vitamins did not generally affect soluble and insoluble sugars levels, and just in the medium containing 5cc vitamin, insoluble sugars increased.