Investigating the most effective compounds in medicinal plant of Sambucus nigra in Azarbayjan region

For many years now, identification of native medicinal plants which are effective in improving human health has been the focus of attention by the United Nations World Health Organization. Sambucus nigra is a valuable medicinal plant used for a long time in traditional medicine for prevention and treatment of common diseases such as cold, joint swell, and rheumatic pains. In this research, root, stem and leaf samples of Sambucus nigra were collected at altitude of 850 m from Souly valley in Azerbaijan region in northwestern Iran and the plant extracts were obtained from dry samples powder. Various compounds were identified by gas chromatography apparatus. The most important compounds included quercetin (11.3%), sambunigrin (7.6%), astragalin (5.7%), isoquerctin (4.8%), delphinidin, 3 rutinoside(6.1%), cyaniding ‐3, and 5 diglucoside (4.1%). The study also revealed that the amount of these compounds in leaves was generally more than in the other parts of the plant.