Analysis of energy consumption in underwater wireless sensor networks in shallow and deep water

The most striking feature of underwater wireless sensor networks is energy constraints and the need to control energy consumption for each node and network.
limited energy of Nodes supplied by the batteries and almost recharge of them is impossible.
Given the importance of energy in these networks, study of parameters influencing the energy consumption of nodes and controling them is useful.
In this paper, the characteristics of acoustic in water is introduced, then by propagation modeling and using the obtained formulas, energy consumption in deep and shallow water in single and multi hopping transmission is compared.