Numerical investigation of nanofluid's effect on heat transfer in a pipe partially filled with porous material in a turbulent fluid flow

In the present study, effect of nanofluid aluminum oxide-water on heat transfer in a pipe partially filled with porous material in a turbulent flow is investigated numerically. In this regard, the heat pipe is studied in four structures: without porous material, filled with porous material, boundary and central arrangement of porous material. The results of numerical solution show that use of nano particles with changing thermo physical base fluid's properties, enhances heat transfer in all of the above structures. However, with using of nanofluid, heat conduction enhancement ratio in porous medium is lower than clear medium (without porous material). As a result, heat transfer enhancement in boundary arrangement is less and in central arrangement is more.