Evaluating Land Surface Temperature related to the Land use Change Detection by Satellite Image (Case study: Taleghan Basin)

The land surface is always changing because of natural disasters especially human factors. This event is resulted from lack of attention to the time scale at the time of exploiting the environmental base resources. The land surface temperature (LST) is a very important factor in the global studies especially the temperature change and balance. In this research, the time-based spatial dynamics of LST was analyzed for Taleqhan Basin in Alborz province by means of the Landsat satellite data in relation to land cover/ land use in the region. The temperature degree obtained from LST is very Similar to the data obtained from meteorology. The SEBAL method used to obtain LST from the ETM data has shown that the difference between the real temperature degree in Taleghan meteorology or Climate forecast station and the estimated temperature is less than two degrees. Using the LST data obtained from the satellite images is advantageous from this point of view that it covers the area or the region completely. Furthermore, we can consider each pixel in the time-based map of LST as a Virtual meteorological station to analyze the data obtained about temperature. The research results show that LST is very sensitive to the plant coverage and the soil humidity. Hence the land uses with a high plant coverage distribution have a lower LST. Then this method can be used to detect the changes in LULC in a particular period of time. However, LST is related to human actions, too. It can be predicted that the LST will be increased in Taleghan in future regarding the effects of land use changes especially urbanization, deforestation and soil erosion in this region. The land uses with a low temperature has decreased while the land uses with a high temperature has increased. The research results can be important for the decision-makers especially the government organizations such as Agriculture Ministry, Water organization, Natural Resources Managements and etc. And finally the managers cooperation and a help by all groups of people are essential to stop worse changes and dissertation and also to prevent global warming.