Evaluation of agronomic traits variability in different soybean growth types by using principal component analysis

In order to study Agronomic traits and unknown variables effective on yield of three soybean growth types and select genotypes with high yield, 364 soybean genotypes (35 determinate, 183 Semi determinate and 149 Indeterminate, most of them from 1-4 maturity groups ) were studied, based on an augmented design using 3 checks genotypes, in seed and plant improvement institute, Karaj, Iran. 24 agronomic traits were studied. The result of Principal component analysis show that 6, 5 and 4 components comprised 89.75, 82.75 and 82.95 % of the total variations in Determinate, Semi determinate and Indeterminate genotypes, respectively. Alianka, Dorekswie A2 and B-121 were Determinate, Semi determinate and indeterminate genotypes, respectively with high yield in component 1 and 2 biplot. For improvement each component should notice related traits because gene or genes which control number of seed per plant, probability control biological yield, seed yield per plant and other economic traits in this component too, and component or gene that control this traits, is similar gene or factor, so result of factor analysis could use in plants breeding and specially in indirect selection.