A Fuzzy Based Controller for Energy Management of Electric Vehicle Using Three Port Bidirectional Converter

Many countries have paid attention to the electric vehicles during the past decade. This kind of vehicle is equipped with an energy-saving system which is usually composed of a set of batteries. This system also suffers from several problems including excessive warming, low energy-saving capacity and low efficiency; hence, development of electric vehicles has been influenced by costs caused by such problems. A possible and proper way to solve some of these problems and to improve function of the energy- saving system is installing a supercapacitor as an accessory energy reservoir. Aiming at reducing both size and wastes of energy-saving system and also integrating the system's output current, this paper has not only used a three port bidirectional converter, as an interface among battery, supercapacitor and electric motor, but also has considered the way by which power of both reservoirs (i.e. battery and supercapacitor) are controlled directly though turning this convertor on. It has been implemented through two controlling layers including a fuzzy controller and an adjusting block. To analyze the result, an electric vehicle equipped with the suggested saving- energy system, as a sample, was manufactured by the authors and then the practical results were studied. Moreover, the suggested energy-saving system, in comparison to the common energy-saving systems, was modeled in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Modeling and practical results demonstrate that the efficiency of the suggested strategy is higher than that in other strategies.