The Study of Alloy and Manufacturing Techniques of Bangles of Eurasian Nomadic Tribes: Case Study, Bangles Discovered from Jafarabad's Kurgan No 8

“Kurgans”, which have recently been explored during an archeological excavation in Iran, contain graves where Eurasian used to bury the corps of their dead people. The Kurgans in Jafarabad (in East Azerbayejan, Iran) were excavated by archeologists in 2011.According to the reports of the first phase of the excavations of Jafarabad, a total of 54 bronze objects were discovered the majority of which were ornamental objects.Most of these objects were explored from Kurgan no. 8 of this archaeological site including two bangles. In this research, SEM-EDS, AAS, X-Ray radiography, and metallography were applied to identify alloying composition and shaping techniques. Results showed that the bangles have been made from tin bronze. Based on microstructure, it can be concluded that an alternating operation has applied for shaping these objects. Radiographic images also confirmed the application of hammering techniques in the production of these objects.