An investigation on callogenesis and antioxidant capacity of different explants of Teucrium polium

Kalpoureh (Teucrium polium L.) as a medicinal plant belongs to family Lamiaceae. This plant has short growth period and endangered, so it seems the method of plant tissue culture is efficient for that. On the other hand Teucrium polium with high antioxidant properties has many health benefits. In this study, the effect of culture medium, different concentrations of 2, 4-D and the type of explants on callus induction were evaluated. It was found that effective treatment for more fresh weight of callus was the leaf explants on B5 culture with concentrations 1 and 0.5 mg L-1 of 2,4-D. In no hormone treatments, the percentage of callus induction was lower than others and the highest percentage of callus induction was on medium containing higher levels of the hormone. Analysis of biochemical properties (total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity based on two tests; DPPH and PPM) was also concluded that callus of terminal bud on B5 medium with no hormones had the highest total phenol (82.66 mgGAE/100 g FW). Based on DPPH test, the most free radicals scavenging potential was seen for the leaves collected from the habitat and the callus of terminal bud explants on B5 medium with concentration of 0.5 mg L-1 2, 4-D. Investigation on total antioxidant capacity also revealed that callus of terminal bud on MS medium, 2 mg L-1 2,4-D, leaves and stems of plants collected from habitats showed more activities. These conditions can provide the suggestion for the use of these media to produce more secondary metabolites with antioxidant properties.