Synthesis and Thermal Analysis Behavior of Aminoguanidinium Energetic Ionic Liquid: Guanidinium Trifluoroacetate

Aminoguanidinium: guanidinium trifluoroacetate (AG:GTFA) has recently been considered in the defense industries as an insensitive and energetic ionic liquid for using in melt-pour explosive formulations. In the first section of this research, aminoguanidinium trifluoroacetate (AGTFA) with efficiency of %65 and melting point of 58.0±2.0 °C was synthesized by hydrogenation of nitroguanidine (NQ) in the presence of zinc powder and trifluoroacetic acid. Then, in the next section, guanidinium trifluoroacetate (GTFA) with efficiency of %98 and melting point of 160.0 °C was synthesized by using guanidinium carbonate intermediate, prepared from guanidine nitrate. The various quantitative and qualitative analytical methods such as melting point, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H, 13C, and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermal gravimetric (TG) techniques were applied to approve the quality of ionic liquids and their intermediates. Finally, two products of AGTFA and GTFA were mixed in 1:1 weight ratio to achieve a homogenized AG:GTFA energetic ionic liquid, having a relatively low melting point near to 76-84 °C. This interesting ionic liquid can be considered as trinitrotoluene (TNT) replacement, due to exudation and volume change problems in TNT based melt-pour explosive formulations.