Natural Convection Heat Transfer in an Inclined Square Enclosure Filled with Nanofluid in the Presence of Magnetic Field

In this paper, the effects of inclination angle on natural convection heat transfer in a square enclosure filled with a water–Cu nanofluid in the presence of a magnetic field have beennumericallyinvestigated. A half of the bottom and left walls of the enclosure are adiabatic and a half of each of them are at a constant temperature T. The right wall is at temperature T and the top wall is adiabatic ( T>T ). Discretization of the governing equations is achieved through a finite volume method and solved with a SIMPLE algorithm. Prandtl number of the base fluid is considered to be Pr = 6.2. The results show that the heat transfer increases with an increase in Rayleigh number, but it decreases with an increase in Hartmann number. Increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles, depending on the Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers may increases or decreases the rate of heat transfer. Also, the results show that the inclination angle can be used as a control parameter for heat transfer in the enclosure and the heat transfer rate has its minimum value for inclination angle at 45o.