A Multi-Objective Framework for Enhancing the Reliability and Minimizing the Cost of PMU Deployment in Power Systems

Wide-area monitoring, protection, and control (WAMPAC) is a key factor in the implementation of smart transmission grids. WAMPAC has a crucial role in detection and prevention of widespread events with an ultimate goal of improving the electricity service reliability. Several mathematical techniques were proposed for the optimal phasor measurement units (PMU) placement (OPP) problem which represents the first step toward the development of WAMPAC. These techniques consider either the solution to the network observability or realization of specific PMU applications. This paper proposes a multi-objective framework for OPP which emphasizes the reliability of power systems. The objective functions minimize the investment cost and maximize the system reliability. Since the objectives are in conflict, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II approach is adopted as an intelligent state sampling tool to find non-dominated solutions (Pareto front). The final placement scheme among Pareto points is chosen by a Fuzzy decision making approach.