Reviews of Social and Political Factors Affecting the Young Students National Solidarity (Unity)

The study is to review the social and political factors affecting young students’ National Solidarity (case study: political sciences faculty of Islamic Azad University- Central Tehran Branch) through exploration and analysis of the theoretical and experimental background and survey study sought. From this perspective, in addition to reviewing the conceptual space of the case and determining the structures of national solidarity, integrated approach was used based on the theory of social capital by Robert Putnam, social system by Talcott Parsons and social justice by John Rawls to theoretical and experimental (empirical) explanation of the research topic. Also, with respect to the assumptions obtained from these approaches and theories regarding the characteristics and features of the study population, it was tried to identify social and political factors affecting the National Solidarity of students. Using the survey and utilizing questionnaire technique on 310 students in political sciences of Islamic Azad University central Tehran branch that have been selected through stratified random ratio sampling and the table of Krejcie & Morgan (1970) and needed information and data for the study were collected. Index of Cronbach's alpha coefficient in the range of zero to one was used for calculating the credit of indicators formal (nominal) content validity, as well as for calculating validity (reliability). The findings indicated that variables such as intergroup social capital (social trust within the group, social participation within the group), functioning of politic institutions, media function, the function of the family, strengthen national-religious rituals, the student's understanding of social justice (understanding and communicative and procedural justice) showed a significant and important relation to the National Solidarity variable. Also, between students national solidarity in terms of age, gender, educational level, marital status significant differences were observed and married individuals compared to singles, MA and PHD students than BA students, women than men, and age group of older than 35 years old and from 26 to 30 years old have high National Solidarity.