Background and Basis of the Constitution of the Judicial Police in Iran’s Legal System

The importance of crime detection and police investigation, on the one hand, derives from the necessity of protecting individual right and on the other hand, from the effective function of the police in order to protect social security. In spite of the specialized police division in some country, it has not been followed by criminal procedure law of Iran. After all, new enacted criminal procedure law, particularly article 30, somehow meets its criteria. In terms of establishing judicial police, regarding some certain criteria necessary for it, is intended. The fifth economic, social and cultural development program law of Islamic Republic of Iran provided its establishment; the judicial police establishment bill sent to parliament by judicial branch but the bill consider judicial police under the supervision of judicial branch and does not refer to the criteria. The criteria necessary for establishing judicial police, which are being specialized and under authorization of judicial authorities with organizationally establishing in the executive branch, would be discussed precisely in this article.