Mathematical Philosophy in Political Science and International Relations

From mid twenty century and with the emergence of behaviorism and second challenges in international relations studies, we witnessed the widespread application of quantitative techniques at this branch of science. Although some critics have questioned the approach, various scientists have continued their restless and severe efforts in the reliable academic centers around the world so that there is a rich literature in this field. In fact, the application of mathematics and mathematical methods finds its root in the history of science and philosophy although mathematics has experienced many differences in the past and present. At this research, we try to review the valuable background of the application of quantitative methods in political and international studies reaching the philosophical foundations of this approach. In this respect, we analyze the views of three famous scientists in social science named Descartes, Comte, and Kant. Despite existing critics, we present strong roots of this methodology in social science demanding more attention.