Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Generation in Bone Drilling: Determination of the Share of Heat Input to the Bone Using Machining Theory and Inverse Conduction Heat Transfer

Bone fracture occurs as a result of accident, old age and disease. Generally bone fracture treatment consists of stabilizing the fractured bone in the right position. In complex fractures, stabilizing internal and external tools and equipment is used to stabilize the fractured bone in position. Bone drilling is required in order to connect fixating devices. The forces required for chip formation increase the temperature during bone drilling. The phenomenon of thermal necrosis of the bone occurs if the temperature exceeds 47°C. Thermal necrosis inhibit bone fixation and causes the wrong bone healing. In this study has been trying to calculate the heat of drilling process using the machining theory and estimate the share of heat input to the bone by the Weiner theory. Drilling tests conducted on samples of bovine bones and temperature changes in the location of the hole are measured and using inverse conduction heat transfer method, the heat input is calculated and compared with the theoretical heat. Results showed that the experimental and theoretical heats at different processing conditions are close to each other and revealed that the machining and Weiner theories are able to predict the heat input to the bone and temperature changes in the position of the hole.