Comparison of Different Methods in Sennoside Extraction from Senna alexandrina

Senna leaf belongs to stimulant laxatives. The laxative effect of this medicinal plant is because of sennosides, aloe-emodin and dynatron which they all belongs to among anthraquinone derivatives family and uses to treat constipation, discharge of the intestine before surgery or abdomen surgeries and tests.
In this study, different methods of extracting from the Senna plant was compared and the extraction of the active ingredient, sennoside B, was optimized by using the response level statistical method.
For the extraction of Senna extract, various extraction methods, including maceration, dynamic maceration (stirrer), ultrasound assisted extraction, microwave assisted extraction and soxhlet extraction using ethanol 96° and 60° as solvent in different times. Regarding to the meanweights of the extracts and active substance sennoside B, The best method was selected. In the next phase, the amount of active substance of sennoside B was optimized using the statistical method of response surface.
Considering the mean weights of the extract and amount of sennoside B, dynamic maceration (stirrer) method is the most suitable method to obtain senna extract in the industrial and medicinal extraction. The results of the optimization of the best extraction method (maceration) showed that when influential variables temperature, time, the ratio of substance to solvent and filter mesh were 84°C, 119.7 minutes, 0.04 and 29.7 microns, respectively, the maximum amount of the active substance (3.009%) has been reached.
Finally, it can be concluded that active maceration extraction method (stirrer) is suggested as one of the best method to obtain senna extract in industry and the output efficiency of the active substance of sennoside B is affected by introduced optimized conditions mentioned.