Evaluation of Salinity and Drought Stresses Tolerance in Wheat Genotypes using Tolerance Indices

Increasing the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) requires choosing resistant and compatible cultivars to different climatic conditions. In order to study the effects of salinity and drought stress on grain yield, Study of stress tolerance indices and identification of tolerant genotypes to salt and drought stress, 20 different Wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes were assessed in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications under non stress, salinity stress and drought stress conditions. Evaluation of salinity and drought stress tolerance in wheat genotypes by quantitative indices such as Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Stress Susceptibility Index (SSI) and Tolerance Index (TOL) was done. The results of analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among genotypes in terms of all of the indices and yield genotype of stress conditions in 1% level of probability. According to the analysis of the correlation between seed yield and tolerance to salinity and drought indices, Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) and Stress Tolerance Index (STI), in terms of the normal and stress conditions, as the best indices for selection of tolerant genotypes were detected. The results showed that the cultivars Bolani, sooleh and Mahutti had the highest resistance. Mogan 3, Gaspard and Arta were most sensitive.SNH-9,139-PR-87 Were the most tolerant lines and N-83-3, KRL-4 and S-78-11 lines were sensitive to salinity and drought stresses.